Rivers Yellow River - the river with the most sediment in the world. Yellow River, the mother river of China. If the motherland is compared to a rooster standing erect, the Yellow River is the artery of the rooster's heart. The Yellow River has a flow length of 5,464 kilometers and a drainage area of ??752,442 square kilometers. Thousands of tributaries and streams are like countless capillaries, continuously delivering vitality and vitality to the motherland.
[Edit this paragraph] Basic information
Origin: Yuegu Zongliequ at the northern foot of Bayan Har Mountain is the source of the Yellow River, with an altitude of 4675 meters and an average flow of 1774.5 cubic meters. m/s, in Qinghai Province, into the Bohai Sea. The dividing point between the upper and middle reaches: the mouth of the Shanxi River; the dividing point between the middle and lower reaches: Jiumengjin, Henan. The mouth of the Yellow River is 1,500 meters wide, usually 500 meters, and the narrower part is only 300 meters. The water depth is generally 2.5 meters, and in some places the depth is only 1.2 to 1.3 meters.
[Edit this paragraph] Natural features
The Yellow River is the second longest river in my country and the fifth longest river in the world. It originates from the Bayan Hara Mountains in Qinghai, and its main stream runs through nine provinces and autonomous regions: Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, and Shandong have an annual runoff of 57.4 billion cubic meters and an average runoff depth of 79 meters. However, the water volume is not as large as that of the Pearl River. There are 35 major tributaries along the river. The larger tributaries are in the upper reaches, including Huangshui River and Tao River. In the middle reaches, there are Qingshui River, Fen River, Wei River and Qin River, and in the lower reaches, there are Yi River and Luo River. There are no lakes on both sides of the river, the lower reaches of the Yellow River are very small, and there are very few rivers flowing into the Yellow River.
Yellow River
[Edit this paragraph] Geographic environment
From the source of the river to the guide mountain range and grassland plateau, it belongs to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with an altitude of 3,000 meters Above, the peaks exceed 4,000 meters, and the source valley is 4,200 meters above sea level; the section from Guide to Mengjin is the Loess Plateau area. The Loess Plateau is the western slope of Luliang, the Wei River Valley in the south, the Ordos Plateau in the north, and the Lanzhou Valley in the west; the Loess Plateau The altitude of the plateau is generally 1000 to 1300 meters. The terrain is uneven, with steep slopes and deep ravines. The gully ground slope is 15 to 20 degrees. The gully area accounts for 40 to 50%. The channel density is 3 to 5 kilometers per square kilometer. The cutting depth is more than 100 meters. ; Below Mengjin, it enters the low-lying North China Plain, with an altitude of no more than 50 meters. After entering the lower reaches, the river is flat, with an average specific drop of only 0.12%. The water flow slows down, a large amount of sediment accumulates, and the river bed is 4 to 5 meters above the ground; due to the Yellow River After many changes of course, the ground alluvialized into fan-shaped ancient river beds and ancient natural embankments, forming a sloping plain with gentle hills and depressions alternately distributed. The depressions are relatively open and flat.
[Edit this paragraph] Basin Overview
The Yellow River reaches its upper reaches from its source to Hekou Town, Tuoketuo County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, with a river length of 3,472 kilometers; from Hekou Town to Taohuayu, Zhengzhou, Henan The middle reaches are the middle reaches, with a river length of 1,206 kilometers; the lower reaches below Taohuayu Valley are the lower reaches, with a river length of 786 kilometers. (There are many opinions on the division of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. The division plan of the Yellow River Conservancy Commission is used here.) The Yellow River traverses China from east to west. The basin is 1,900 kilometers long from east to west and 1,100 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of ??752,443 square kilometers.
The Yellow River, like a lion with its back arched and head held high, crosses the mountains of Qinghai and Gansu provinces from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; crosses the Hetao Plains of Ningxia and Inner Mongolia; and gallops between Shanxi and Shaanxi Among the high mountains and deep valleys; break through the "Dragon Gate", turn east at the foot of Huashan Mountain in Xiyue, cross the North China Plain, and rush to the coast of the Bohai Sea. It flows through 9 provinces and regions, gathering more than 40 main tributaries and more than 1,000 streams, with a journey of 5,464 kilometers and a drainage area of ??more than 750,000 square kilometers. It is the second longest river in China. The average annual precipitation in the entire basin is about 400 mm, while the average annual runoff of the Yellow River is only 57.4 billion cubic meters, ranking eighth among Chinese rivers. Within the basin, together with the downstream Henan and Shandong riverside areas, there are more than 200 million acres of cultivated land and a population of about 100 million.
The annual average natural runoff of the entire Yellow River is 58 billion cubic meters, the average annual runoff depth in the basin is 77 mm, the per capita water volume in the basin is 593 cubic meters, and the average water volume per mu of cultivated land is 324 cubic meters.
The middle reaches of the Yellow River flows through the Loess Plateau. Due to soil erosion, the tributaries bring in a large amount of sediment, making the Yellow River the river with the highest sediment content in the world. The maximum annual sand transport volume reached 3.91 billion tons (1933), and the maximum sand content was 920 kg/cubic meter (1977).
The annual average sediment transport volume of Sanmenxia Station is about 1.6 billion tons, and the average sediment content is 35 kg/cubic meter.
Main tributaries
The main tributaries of the Yellow River are Baihe River, Heihe River, Huangshui River, Zuli River, Qingshui River, Dahei River, Kuye River, Wuding River, Fenhe River, Weihe River, Luohe River, Qinhe River, Dawen River, etc.
Among them, the Wei River is the largest tributary of the Yellow River.
The main lakes
include Zhaling Lake, Eling Lake, Wuliang Suhai and Dongping Lake.
Mainstream Canyons
There are 30 canyons on the main stream of the Yellow River, 28 in the upper reaches, 2 in the middle reaches, and the lower reaches flow through North China. Plains, no canyons. The total length of the main stream canyon section is 1,707 kilometers, accounting for 31.2% of the total length of the main stream.