[Liangzhou] I am the leader of the husband in the world, and I am the leader of the prodigal son in the world. May Zhu Yan remain the same, spend time in flowers and forget her troubles in wine. Divide tea into bamboo [3], pat horses and hide lots [4], and be familiar with five tones and six laws [5]. What am I worried about? Accompanied by female [6], in front of the silver case, Zheng, who manages silver, smiles at Silverscreen; Accompanied by Yu Tianxian [7], he climbed up the Jade Building with jade hands and shoulders on his back. Accompanied by Jin Hairong [8], singing Jin Lu [9], holding a golden bottle, full of golden ou [10]. You said I was old, and I needed a break. It occupies the first place in fame and luxury [1 1], and it is more exquisite and transparent. I am the handsome head of a colorful flower camp [12], and I once traveled to Zhou [13].
[Ge Wei] Every child is a thatched hill [14], shawo, a newborn rabbit lamb, and he goes to the paddock [15]; I am an old pheasant, covered by scriptures, caught by a rope net, and a mature horse [16]. After a stab in the back [17], I didn't fall behind, just because I didn't know that people would rest in middle age. How could I waste my spring and autumn?
[Tail] I am a copper pea, which can't be steamed, boiled, hammered [18] or fried [19]; The people who taught you how to get into his hoe kept [20] and couldn't solve [2 1], and it took a long time to solve [22]. I enjoyed Liang (23), drank Tokyo wine (24), enjoyed Luoyang flowers (25) and climbed Zhang Tailiu (26). I can also go, play chess [twenty-seven], fight encirclement [twenty-eight], cut corners [twenty-nine], sing and dance, play the swallow [thirty], and sing poetry and hit the land [thirty-one]. You just lost my tooth, crooked my mouth, crippled my leg, broke my hand and gave me these symptoms [32], but you still refused to rest [33]. Then, in addition to Yan's own name [34], ghosts and gods came to hook themselves, three souls went to hell, and seven souls got lost in the dark. God, in the meantime, they didn't go to Fireworks Road [35]!
Appreciation: Guan Hanqing, a famous drama master, is also a famous Sanqu writer. Guan Hanqing's Sanqu 12, with 35 poems, including Lu Nan's A Flower Scattered. Not Old is his masterpiece. With vivid metaphors, writing books can make people become talented and have a spicy and humorous style of folk songs. ? I am a copper pea, which can't be steamed, boiled, beaten or fried. Every child, who taught you to get into his hoe, can't get rid of it, can't get rid of it, can't get rid of it, slowly You just lost my tooth, crooked my mouth, crippled my leg, broke my hand, and gave me such bad symptoms, and you still won't rest? This is a self-portrait of Guan Hanqing's tenacious character. It is this kind of personality that made him engage in the creation of zaju all his life and wrote great works that were earth-shattering and tearful. Bai Pu's words and songs are another style. He generally pays attention to artistic conception and can set off the psychology of characters by depicting things harmoniously with scenery. Although many works also expressed in my heart forever's sadness, there were few common faults of frivolous vulgarity in Sanqu at that time, and the words were beautiful and poetic.
Bufu Lao is a famous divertimento with self-narration, which has profound charm and wild language potential. The poet's unique personality can be seen in the crystal clear emotional wave, so it has been praised by people and regarded as the masterpiece of Guan Hanqing's Sanqu.
According to Wen Qu, this divertimento is considered after middle age. At that time, the Yuan and Mongolian nobles discriminated against the Han scholars, and the war led to a bumpy life for the people. In addition, the abolition of the imperial examination hindered their career, so most intellectuals in the early Yuan Dynasty were incompetent. Sink? , fell? Eight prostitutes, nine scholars and ten beggars? The point is. At the same time of the rapid differentiation of literati groups, Guan Hanqing chose his own independent lifestyle. Especially the vicissitudes of life, life experience, let him develop a more mature personality, is to be able to break through? Qiushi? 、? Hermit? The gap between these two traditional literati life patterns; That is, dare to compare a living person with the whole feudal norm; This also reflects. Heaven and earth opened up, from ancient times to the present, there are gods and ghosts? A new sense of life (Zhong Sicheng's Preface to Ghost Books). It is in this divertimento that the poet's brushwork brings us into such a profound spiritual world.
The first song [A Flower] was heavily colored by the poet? Folding willows and climbing flowers? 、? Sleep on flowers and lie on willows? The prodigal son and romantic life. ? Climbing the wall produces flowers, folding branches and willows? , in the sentence? Out of the wall? With what? Lin luliu? All allude to prostitutes. Climbing flowers and folding willows? , refers to the pursuit of pleasure and prostitution despised by the secular. But the poet consciously and unabashedly pestered it, which just reflected his contempt for feudal norms and cynicism about life. So, the first nine-sentence short poem, the poet used six in one breath? Flowers? 、? Liu? . ? Flowers climb red and tender, willows fold green and soft? It means: climb flowers and fold willows, and climb the tender red and soft green strips.
? With my hands, I can't stop the flowers. . This is a way to show him romance. Obviously, the romantic and indulgent life interest of Goulan brothel inevitably exposes some bad habits in the market, but readers should see that the poet's emotional appeal is essentially a mockery of secular concepts and an affirmation of free life. ? A prodigal son? , is his evaluation of himself. ? The prodigal son returns? This original bohemian image has a feeling of being unwilling to be humiliated and bent on its own way, so the conclusion reads: half a life of breaking willows and climbing flowers, sleeping willows all your life? . ? Half my life? Is it for the poet himself? I believe in Excellence and never give up? ("Yuan Qu Xu Xuan") Career summary; ? A lifetime? It is said that he will pursue it all his life.
With the change of qupai, overture? The tone of the middle and low back suddenly becomes clear and clear, and the style is high:? I am the leader of the world's husbands, and I am the leader of the world's prodigal sons? . ? Lang Jun? 、? The prodigal son returns? Generally refers to a playboy who hangs out with prostitutes. Isn't the concept of secularism derogatory, and it's not the same level for book club talents who associate with geisha? Guan Hanqing, on the other hand, did the opposite, turning it into praise and doing the opposite. Lang Jun leader? 、? Prodigal son? Pretend to be. It is not difficult to find that in this seemingly witty way, there are also mockery of the dark reality and admiration for the value of self-existence. However, the inhuman experience in reality has happened after all? It's hard to drink ten points, okay? ([double tone? The new water order), so just? May Zhu Yan not change her usual way of life, spend her time in flowers and forget her troubles in wine. . But once you are intoxicated with the free and happy life atmosphere, you can divide tea into bamboo (two kinds of entertainment games), beat horses and hide lots (two kinds of bo opera), and master the five tones and six methods? Suddenly feel? I am carefree and worried. Then, the poet used three serial sentences to show all kinds of life in the romantic field, as well as the resulting satisfaction and self-happiness: I was with a singer, playing the zither strings in front of the dressing table, smiling knowingly, and letting us lean comfortably on the screen; I once kept company with a beautiful woman, and it was really sweet to carry that white hand. We climbed the tall building side by side, how jubilant it was; I used to be a dancer, and there was a song called Jin Lou Yi, which was really touching. I took the glass and filled it with wine and wine. In the poem, the author deliberately chooses a recurring narrative form, and enthusiastically shows that kind of free and unrestrained life interest, thus showing his extremely distinctive attitude towards life. So when someone comforts him? Laoye, take a break? At that time, the poet flatly denied: Ostentation and extravagance takes the first place, which is more exquisite and transparent. Occupy ostentation and extravagance is a special term for traditional Chinese opera and skill performance in Song and Yuan Dynasties. Obviously, Guan Hanqing? Occupy ostentation and extravagance? Romantic fame? First of all, it's not about chasing prostitutes or anything. It's serious, okay? Make up zaju, compose music and write lyrics? As your own career and ideal. It is also based on this that he only? More exquisite and transparent? Only in this way can we show our unwavering determination to grow old! However, people are not old, after all, they are old, so they are in the middle. Every child? Two sentences, just vaguely reveal a trace of sadness. Every time, the child is a newborn rabbit lamb in a thatched hill or a shawo, and walks to the paddock (hunting ground, which refers to a brothel). And then what? Me? Already? After being shrouded, cable net? what's up An old pheasant with pale feathers (green feathers, indicating that the fur is old)? . However, the sadness at this moment soon vanished with the emotional impulse. All this is just some? A cold arrow and a wax spear? , poets and? Never fall behind? So just say it? Everything stops when people reach middle age? ,? How can I waste the spring and autumn, and once again express the poet's firm belief that he cherishes time and is willing to die for his ideal!
If the first three songs only reflect the poet's external mentality in the emotional turmoil, then in the last song, the unruly mood reached its climax, and the poet's internal spiritual strength attracted attention. I am a copper pea, which can't be steamed, boiled, pounded, fried or exploded. . ? Copper peas? Originally, it was a brothel in the Yuan Dynasty that opened a hole for old customers, but here the poet skillfully used puns and decorated it with five strings of interlining describing the beans of plants? Copper peas? , thus giving it the characteristics of perseverance and fighting against the world. In this five-string interlude, there is a kind of anxiety and unyielding that is not accepted by the world, and a kind of anger and dissatisfaction that collides with traditional norms is sprayed! When people are destroyed and suppressed by reality, the poet's yearning for himself will inevitably turn into a sad and helpless mood. ? Who taught you that? The dictionary of "Three Character Classics" shows Guan Hanqing's love for romantic children and his depravity in brothels. Jintou? A painful twitch (trap, trap) caused by sympathy. This reminds readers of Prometheus tied to the Caucasus Mountain. The eagle pecked at his liver, but he held his head high and roared. I would rather be tied to a stone than be a loyal servant of Zeus! ? His insistence on freedom, his pursuit of life, he is willing to exchange his life! Here, Guan Hanqing shows the same spirit, his anger, his struggle and his laughter, which is also the echo of this spirit of nine deaths without regret! It is precisely because of the poet's strong dissatisfaction with the dark social reality and his resolute uncooperative attitude towards the ruling class that Guan Hanqing boasted about his life as a book club talent in extreme language. I can also walk, play cuju (kick the ball), fight (fight), interrupt (play Chinese opera), sing and dance, play, swallow, recite poems and play gobang (a chess skill)? . In this bold and slightly exaggerated writing, in this talent display, there is actually a deep pride, a confidence in personal wisdom and strength under the suppression of feudal concepts. At this point, the poet's brush strokes have changed again, and the emotional tone of the whole song has reached the strongest tone on the basis of lofty sentiments. You just lost my tooth, crooked my mouth, crippled my leg and broke my hand. You have these symptoms, and you still refuse to rest! Then, in addition to the call of the Yan himself, ghosts and gods came to hook themselves, and three souls returned to the underworld, and seven souls lost (the underworld). Oh, my God, in the meantime, I won't go to Fireworks Road! ? Since you have a firm belief in life, you dare to despise all pain, even death; Since life belongs to one's own, one should complete life according to one's own ideal, and be firm? Go to fireworks road? . This pursuit of the eternal value of life and the denial of death as the end of the meaning of life are the spiritual strength of humor and optimism in the poem.
In art, the biggest feature of this Sanqu is the addition of a large number of lining words, and the clever use of parallelism and string sentences, which has produced a charming and boring artistic appeal. Like the ending song? You just lost my tooth? In short, the group of lines flowing forward naturally caused the rhythm of emotional agitation, which was rapid, rough and sonorous, strongly indicating the direction of the poet. Walking on the fireworks road? Firm determination. The whole song goes straight, but there are some twists and turns. Of the three songs? Take a break? 、? Everything is closed? Emotional meditation, etc. It is often a place where the style of writing is faltering and the strength turns dark. Reading it is like seeing the Three Gorges beating waves, and it has a magnificent and rhythmic aesthetic feeling.
About the author: Guan Hanqing, a zaju writer in Yuan Dynasty, was born at the end of Jin Dynasty. What does Jia's ghost book call him? Liyuan leader, editor-in-chief, and head of the zaju troupe? This shows his position in Yuan Zaju. Guan Hanqing once wrote "A Flower" as a gift to actress Zhu, which shows his indissoluble bond with the actor. He once shamelessly claimed: I am the leader of the world husband, and I am the leader of the world prodigal son. ? In A Flower in Lu Nan? At the end of Not Old, I am more arrogant and stubborn. I am a copper pea, which can't be steamed, boiled, beaten, fried or exploded. . According to various documents, Guan Hanqing compiled 67 zaju, including 18. Whether individual works were written by Guan Hanqing is still controversial in academic circles. Among them, Dou E's Grievance, Saving the Wind and Dust, Wang Jiangge, Moon Pavilion, Lu Zhailang, Single Knife Meeting and Adjusting the Wind and Moon are his representative works. Created by Guan Hanqing? I am a copper pea that can't be steamed, boiled, pounded, fried or exploded. The image of () is also widely known and well received. Qu Jia Shengren. "Analysis of Tianjin Record? Celebrities:? Guan,, word, Yan people. Born charming, knowledgeable and literate. Funny and smart, it is the crown of the moment. At that time, Wen Han was blind and could not stand alone. He was immersed in words for a long time. ?