Yichang City is located in the southwest of Hubei Province, at the junction of the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and the transition zone from the mountainous area in western Hubei to Jianghan Plain, which "controls Bashu in the upper part and draws Jingxiang in the lower part". The ground span is between 11 15 ′ ~ 112 4 ′ east longitude and 29 56 ′ ~ 31 34 ′ north latitude, with the maximum horizontal distance of 174.8km from east to west and the maximum vertical distance of 18.6km from north to south. The territory covers an area of 21,84 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Jingzhou and Jingmen in the east, Shimen County in Hunan Province in the south, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in the west, Shennongjia forest area and Xiangyang City in the north. The geographical environment of Yichang City is complex and diverse, and the geological structure is complex. The strata in all geological ages from Proterozoic 1.8 billion years ago to Cenozoic 1 million years ago are distributed, and they are well developed and fully exposed. Li Siguang, a world-famous geologist, completed Geomechanical Structural Features of Li Siguang after investigating the geology and geomorphology of the Three Gorges area, and became a great master, which aroused the deep interest of the world geologists and kept the oldest and primitive animal fossils with shells, namely Xiling Gorge, which was found in the city. Strata is one of the standard stratigraphic areas in southern China, and many typical geological sections exposed are well-known in Chinese and foreign geological fields. The Sinian section of the Three Gorges established by Professor Li Siguang in 1924 established the Sinian stratigraphic unit, which was recognized by the international geological community. The Ordovician section of Huanghuachang is considered as a typical section of Ordovician in China with complete strata development and abundant fossils. The boundary section between Ordovician and Silurian in Wangjiawan is one of the three best known sections in the world. Yichang city has no major faults passing through, the crust is relatively stable and there is no seismogenic structure. According to the records of more than 16 years, the earthquake intensity in the urban area did not exceed 5 degrees. Yichang City is located in the west of Yangtze Jianghuai Platform. The general outline of geological structure is Huangling anticline in the middle and north, Dangyang Basin in the east, Zigui Basin in the west, Changyang anticline and Renheping syncline in the south, Wufeng syncline in the southwest, Shennongjia anticline in the northwest and platform margin fold belt in the north. From the geomechanical point of view, it is the composite part of the southern section of the third uplift belt of the Neocathaysian first-order structure and the Huaiyang mountain-shaped structural system.

The terrain in Yichang is quite complex, and the height is very different. The western mountainous areas account for 69% of the city's total area, mainly distributed in Xingshan, Zigui, Changyang, Wufeng County and the western part of Yiling District, and most of the mountains are about 1 meters above sea level. Many mountains are more than 2 meters above sea level. Fairy mountain, Xingshan County is 2427 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in the city. There are many canyons in the mountainous area, some of which are majestic and steep, with cliffs and towering into the sky; Some are deep and beautiful, with twists and turns. There are such canyons in the Yangtze River, Qingjiang River, Xiangxi River and Huangbai River basins, and Xiling Gorge, one of the world-famous Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, is one of them. The central hills are located in the transition zone between mountains and plains. They are formed by long-term weathering, denudation and cutting of low mountains or continuous high-order lands with gentle slopes. The elevation is 1-5m, and the slope is 5-25 degrees, accounting for 21% of the total area. They are distributed in the east of Yuan 'an, Yidu and Yiling and in the north of Dangyang. The eastern plain is located at the western edge of Jianghan Plain, with an altitude below 1 meters. Yanglin Lake in Zhijiang is 35 meters above sea level, which is the lowest point in the city. It accounts for 1% of the total area and is distributed in Zhijiang, the southeast of Dangyang, the southeast of the city, Yidu, Yuan 'an along the Yangtze River, the lower reaches of Qingjiang River and the valleys of Juzhang River. In addition, there are many karst landforms in the city, mainly distributed in mountains and hills such as Wufeng, Changyang, Xingshan Zigui and Yidu. There are many kinds of karst landforms, including Shan Qi, beautiful rocks, strange caves and beautiful water, which are good places for tourism. Yichang water system belongs to the Yangtze River basin, which can be divided into five major water systems: the main stream system in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the Qingjiang River system, the Dongting Lake system and the Lishui River system. In addition to the main streams of the Yangtze River and Qingjiang River, there are 164 domestic rivers with rainfall collection area over 3 square kilometers, accounting for 91.5% of the domestic rainfall collection area. The total length of the river is 589 kilometers, and the density of the river network is .24 kilometers per square kilometer. There are 14 first-class tributaries with a rainfall collection area of more than 3 square kilometers, of which 4 tributaries are more than 1, square kilometers (Juzhang River, Huangbai River, Xiangxi River, Yuyang River, etc.).

Yangtze River: It enters from Poshui Gorge in Zigui County and leaves through Yichang to Yazikou in Zhijiang County, with a length of 237 kilometers in this city.

Qingjiang River: It originates from Xiaojiatang, Qiyue Road, Lichuan City, Enshi, with a total length of 44 kilometers, and it is 153 kilometers in Yichang, that is, it enters the Yangtze River from Yanchi, Changyang Tujia Autonomous County to Lucheng, Yidu City, and is the largest tributary of the Yangtze River in this city.

Xiangxi River: It is named because it is said that Wang Zhaojun plays the gauze here, which makes the river fragrant. Luomadian, which originated in Shennongjia forest area, flows through Xingshan County and injects the Yangtze River in Xiangxi Town of Zigui, with a total length of 11 kilometers.

Juzhang River: it is divided into two tributaries above the two estuaries in dangyang city, the west branch is Juhe River, which originates from Weijia Dayan in Baokang County, with a total length of 226 kilometers; the east branch is Zhanghe River, which originates from Heilin in Baokang County, with a total length of 199 kilometers. Juhe River and Zhanghe River meet at two estuaries to form Juzhang River, which is 88 kilometers long and flows into the Yangtze River at the boundary between Yichang and Jingzhou.

Huangbai River: The east branch originates from Heiliang Mountain in Zhangcunping Township, Yiling District (Yichang County), with a total length of 126 kilometers; The West Branch originated in Wulangzhai, Yichang County, with a total length of 7 kilometers. The east and west tributaries merge into the main stream near Huanghuachang, Yichang County, which is 32 kilometers long and flows into the Yangtze River through Xiaoxita, the county seat of Yichang County. Nine types of soils, from red loam to brown soil, are distributed, among which high-quality matured soil accounts for 48% of cultivated land.

the hydropower reserves are 1.75 million kilowatts except the Yangtze river and Qingjiang river, and the exploitable amount is 1.5 million kilowatts. The total water resources is 13.1 billion cubic meters, and the transit passenger water is about 457.2 billion cubic meters.

The city has good vegetation and the forest resources rank second in the province, with a coverage rate of 48.5%. Yichang city is rich in forest resources and diverse in biological species. The city's forestry land area is 22.3 million mu, accounting for 7% of the total land area, the forest coverage rate (excluding shrubs) reaches 55.3%, and the standing stock is 39.86 million cubic meters. There are 11 forest parks in the city (Chaibuxi Grand Canyon Scenic Area, Houhe National Forest Park, Dalaoling Nature Reserve, etc.), including 6 national, 3 provincial and 2 municipal, covering an area of 75, mu. One national nature reserve (Houhe National Forest Park), one provincial nature reserve (Dalaoling Nature Reserve), 34 provincial nature reserves, 3 municipal nature reserves and 13 municipal wetland nature reserves have been built in the city, covering an area of 2.73 million mu, accounting for 16% of the city's forest area. There are 23 state-owned forest farms in the city, with an operating area of 1.1 million mu; There are 79 collective forest farms with an operating area of 21, mu.

There are 5582 species of seed plants, accounting for one-seventh of the national seed plants, of which 163 are endemic to China. There are 61 species of terrestrial vertebrates known in the city, including 177 species of national and provincial protected animals. Yichang has a long history and rich culture, and was once an important place for the development of Chu culture and Ba culture. Here, outstanding people have nurtured many sages and celebrities, such as Qu Yuan, a world historical and cultural celebrity, Wang Zhaojun, a national and pro-messenger, and Yang Shoujing, a well-known scholar at home and abroad, and many famous literati of past dynasties, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Lu You, etc. They visited the scenic spots left by the mountains and rivers of Xiling, intoxicated with the poems written by the scenery of Xiling, and added valuable cultural wealth to Yichang.

Yichang is also known as the "Hometown of the Three Kingdoms", where 36 stories in the classic Romance of the Three Kingdoms took place. Stories and relics abound, such as the Battle of Yiling, which burned for 7 miles, Zhao Zilong's battle against Changbanpo, Zhang Fei's defeat to Dangyang Bridge, Guan Yu's defeat to Maicheng, his capture and his return to Ma Po. It is also the place of "Five Yang" where Guan Gong is buried, and there is a magnificent Guandi Mausoleum. At the same time, it is also a place to study Guan Gong's culture.

Qu Yuan, known as one of the "four famous cultural figures in the world", and Wang Zhaojun, known as the "four beauties in ancient China", were all born in ancient Yichang. Numerous historical and cultural relics such as Quyuan Temple, Zhaojun Village, Reading Cave and Niangniang Well have repeatedly told people countless beautiful and moving legends. Cold Shrimp

Cold Shrimp takes rice, corn, etc. as raw materials and brown sugar water as seasoning to cool and quench thirst. It is a favorite drink of Yichang residents after being blended with iced brown sugar water in summer. It is run by roadside vendors, mostly made by families, and the price ranges from 5 cents to 1 yuan a cup. When it comes to cold shrimp, the first thing that comes to mind is Qi Baishi's shrimp painting, which is slightly turbulent and indifferent, and it is very interesting. Cold shrimp also has this intention. Although it can't wrap its stomach, it can quench its thirst. Holding it in your hand, looking at the cool shrimp with rippling blue waves in the clear water, it seems that if the white jade dances lightly, it is cool and slightly sweet, which can be pleasing to the eye and can enjoy tea. It is really a pleasure to stop and take a nap. There is a "Zheng Xin Ji" on Zhixiang Road, which is the leader of shrimp industry in Yichang. In front of the table, there is a row of containers for cold shrimp, like a big wine glass. Slippery is a colorful variety: golden corn, dark black rice, crystal white rice, and lemon, orange juice and grape-flavored jelly, which is colorful.

Radish jiaozi

Radish is a unique local specialty in jiaozi, and outsiders don't know that radishes can be fried into snacks. Although radish jiaozi is good, it depends on the season. When radishes come on the market, it will probably be soon. At the intersections of streets, markets and alleys, there is a radish jiaozi that is sure to smell delicious, which is always very rare for tourists from other places to see. Although radish jiaozi is also called jiaozi, its raw materials and methods are quite different from those of northern dumplings. The main raw materials of northern dumplings are flour, lean meat and vegetables, while the main raw materials of radish in jiaozi are rice, soybeans and radish. Dumplings in the north are mostly cooked in water, while radish jiaozi must be fried in a frying pan, otherwise it will not take shape. Therefore, when eating, dumplings will lose a crispy radish jiaozi.

Houttuynia cordata Thunb.

Houttuynia cordata Thunb., also known as Jiejiegen and Jieergen, is a perennial herb named for its fishy smell on its stems and leaves. The whole herb can be used as Chinese medicine. It grows in Yichang city, mostly wild, and is planted artificially. It is listed all year round (most in spring), especially those with tender stems. Serve with ginger, garlic paste, soy sauce, vinegar, onion, monosodium glutamate, sesame oil, etc. This dish is crisp, tender, fragrant and refreshing, and has the effects of clearing away heat, detoxifying and diminishing inflammation. It is not only a big hobby of Yichang citizens, but also a delicious food at hotel banquets, which is deeply loved by European and American diners.

chilli shrimp

chilli shrimp is a famous dish with strong juice, spicy taste and tight, tough and crisp meat. From the beginning, spicy crabs, to the spicy shrimps and spicy snails derived today, have become the favorites on the dining table in the north and south of the Yangtze River. The essence of chilli shrimp lies in its meat quality and the blending of a variety of special spices when frying, which makes people memorable.

Gangzha

Gangzha, also known as lazy bean curd, is a traditional snack of Tujia people. The production of the slag is relatively simple, but it is a little harder at the initial stage of "pushing", so people call it pushing slag. The production procedure is as follows: after the soybeans are washed and swollen with water, the beans are ground into pulp with water in a stone mill, boiled over a fire, and then cut fresh radish leaves are added and boiled to make a pot of milky white and green slag. It can be seen that "pushing slag" is much simpler than making tofu, and there is no need to filter, squeeze, and generally no need to order brine. No wonder Tujia people also call slag "lazy tofu". The nutritional collocation of slag is also very scientific. protein in soybean is matched with vitamins and inorganic salts in radish vegetables to achieve the effect of reasonable diet.

Wufeng famous tea

There are treasures everywhere in the world, but Wufeng tea is the most unforgettable. Wufeng is the hometown of famous tea in China. Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County has a subtropical warm and humid monsoon climate, with the lowest elevation of 15 meters and the highest elevation of 232 meters. The mountains are surrounded by clouds all year round, with abundant rain, fertile soil and mild climate, which forms the unique natural conditions of "good tea in Yunwu Mountain" in Wufeng. In addition, tea is also produced in Dangyang, Changyang, Yuan 'an, Zigui, Yidu, Yiling District (especially Dengcun) and other places in Yichang, mainly including: Chunmei Tea, Xiazhou Green Tea, Jasmine Chunjian Tea, Yihong Gongfu Tea, Luyuan Tea, Cactus Tea, Xiazhou Green Tea, Dengcun Green Tea and Silk Mianrong Tea.

Xihe Fish in Yuan 'an

Xihe Fish comes from Xihe River in Yuan 'an County, Yichang. This river is clear and rich in natural fish resources, and there are many rare fish treasures. Xihe fish tastes mellow. What is most worth mentioning is that Xihe fish is meaty and has few spines, and it is even called "spineless" by foreigners. Its price is also the most expensive among local fish, which is 2 to 3 times higher than that of fish in other rivers.

Bailizhou Shali

Shali is a specialty of Bailizhou Town under Yichang City, which is "as big as a fist, as sweet as honey and as crisp as a diamond". In 1995, it registered the trademark of "Bailizhou" Sally pear, which was recognized as a best-selling brand and a famous product of Spark Plan in the market. In 2, it was awarded the title of "Hometown of Sally Pear in China", and in 21, it was tested by the Food Inspection and Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, and the result was excellent fresh pear.

Citrus

Yichang has a long history of producing citrus. Qu Yuan's Ode to Orange proves that at least two thousand years ago, Yichang had cultivated citrus. Due to the superior geographical and climatic environment, Yichang is suitable for planting oranges, far from being a "thousand trees", but it ranks first in the province. In 211, the output reached 2,117,8 tons, ranking first in the province, and there are many excellent varieties, among which, navel oranges and peach oranges in Zigui County, tangerines in Yiling District, sweet pomelo in Yidu City, dangyang city Jinshui Orange, Jincheng Orange in Xingshan County and Yaowan Township. Boutique brands include Zigui Changhong Navel Orange, Zigui Peach Leaf Orange, Zigui Orange, Zigui Newhall Navel Orange, Zigui Summer Orange, Zigui Jincheng Orange, Zigui Robertson Navel Orange, Zigui Blood Orange and Zigui Pengna Navel.

Navel orange

Causality gives birth to a small fruit, which expands with the fruit, and the crack is navel-shaped, hence the name Navel Orange. Also known as baozi orange, seedless orange. The fruit is round when it is ripe, orange red when it is big, crisp and fragrant, sweet and juicy, tender and without residue. Outside Hong Kong and Macao, navel oranges are also exported to the United States, Canada, Australia, Albania and other countries. Navel oranges are produced in Zigui County, Yichang, the famous hometown of navel oranges in China, and there are many other delicious orange series brands.

red orange: a new variety selected from Jincheng bud. It is characterized by regular fruit shape, orange-red color, thin skin and tender meat, sweet and sour taste, excellent quality and maturity in mid-November. The main producing area is Taipingxi area in Sandouping, Yidu. He won the Hubei Science and Technology Achievement Award.

peach leaf orange: the leaves are long and narrow like peach leaves. Since 1959, excellent varieties have been selected from many sweet oranges. The fruit surface is orange red, smooth, thin skin, few seeds, crisp, very sweet, fragrant and juicy. Zigui has a long history of producing citrus. Qu Yuan's Ode to Orange proves that Zigui has cultivated citrus at least two thousand years ago. Taoye orange was selected from the common sweet orange in Longmaxi Village, Xintan Town (now Quyuan Town) in Zigui County from 1956 to 1965, and it is one of the three local fine varieties in China. Because its terminal leaves are long and narrow like peach leaves, it is named "Peach Leaf Orange".

Kiwifruit

Kiwifruit is a kind of fruit with high nutritional value and is known as the "king of fruit". At the International Kiwifruit Conference held in New Zealand in 28, more than 2 kiwifruit experts unanimously recognized that China is the original center of kiwifruit, and the world kiwifruit originated in Wuduhe Town, Yiling District, Yichang City. This was confirmed again after it was confirmed at the fifth international symposium on kiwifruit held in Wuhan in 24. The relevant departments have formally applied to the state for "