Nanometer is the transliteration of English namometer, which is a unit of measurement in physics. 1 nanometer is one billionth of 1 meter; it is equivalent to the length of 45 atoms arranged together. In layman's terms, it is equivalent to one ten thousandth of the thickness of a human hair. Just like millimeters and microns, nanometers are a concept of scale and have no physical connotation. When a substance reaches the nanometer scale, approximately in the range of 1 to 100 nanometers, the properties of the substance will mutate and special properties will appear. This kind of material that has special properties that are different from the original atoms and molecules, as well as from macroscopic substances, is a nanomaterial. If it is only a material with a scale of nanometers and no special properties, it cannot be called a nanomaterial. In the past, people only paid attention to atoms, molecules or the universe, and often ignored this intermediate field. This field actually exists in nature in large quantities, but the performance of this scale range was not recognized before. The first to truly realize its performance and reference the concept of nanometers were Japanese scientists. In the 1970s, they used evaporation methods to prepare ultrafine ions, and by studying its properties, they discovered that: an electrically and thermally conductive copper or silver conductor is made of After reaching the nanometer scale, it loses its original properties and shows that it neither conducts electricity nor heat. The same is true for magnetic materials, such as iron-cobalt alloy. If you make it about 20-30 nanometers in size, the magnetic domain will become a single magnetic domain, and its magnetism will be 1,000 times higher than the original. In the mid-1980s, people officially named this type of material nanomaterials.

In the 21st century full of vitality, the rapid development of information, biotechnology, energy, environment, advanced manufacturing technology and national defense will inevitably put forward new demands for materials. The miniaturization, intelligence, high integration, and High-density storage and ultra-fast transmission require smaller and smaller materials; aerospace, new military equipment and advanced manufacturing technology require increasingly higher material performance. Innovation of new materials and new technologies induced on this basis. The innovation of new products is the most influential strategic research field for social development, economic revitalization, and national strength enhancement in the next 10 years. Nanomaterials will be one of the key materials that play an important role. Nanomaterials and nanostructures are the most dynamic research objects in the field of new materials research today and have a very important impact on future economic and social development. They are also the most active and important components of nanotechnology that are closest to application. In recent years, nanomaterials and nanostructures have achieved remarkable achievements. For example, quantum disks with magnetic nanorod arrays with a storage density of 400g per square centimeter, low-cost, high-efficiency nanoarray lasers with adjustable luminous frequency bands, low-cost and high-energy conversion nanostructured solar cells and thermoelectric conversion components used as rail guns The emergence of ablation-resistant, high-strength and high-toughness nanocomposite materials for rails has fully demonstrated its huge potential for application in new pillar industries of the national economy and high-tech fields. As American scientists estimate, "This extremely tiny substance that is invisible to the naked eye is likely to bring a revolution to various fields." The application of nanomaterials and nanostructures will provide new opportunities for how to adjust the layout of pillar industries of the national economy, design new products, form new industries and transform traditional industries to inject high-tech content. The important scientific significance of studying nanomaterials and nanostructures is that it opens up a new level for people to understand nature and is a source of knowledge innovation. Since the scale of the nanostructure unit (1 to 100urn) is equivalent to many characteristic lengths in matter, such as the de Broglie wavelength of electrons, superconducting coherence length, tunneling barrier thickness, and ferromagnetic critical size, nanomaterials and The physical and chemical properties of nanostructures are different from microscopic atoms and molecules, as well as macroscopic objects, thus extending people's ability to explore nature and create knowledge to the intermediate field between macroscopic and microscopic objects. Discovering new phenomena, understanding new laws, proposing new concepts, and establishing new theories in the nanometer field will lay the foundation for building a new framework for the nanomaterials science system, and will also greatly enrich the research connotation of new fields such as nanophysics and nanochemistry.

At the turn of the century, high-toughness nanoceramics, super-strong nanometals, etc. were still important research topics in the field of nanomaterials; nanostructure design, heterogeneous, heterogeneous and different properties of nanoelements (zero-dimensional nanoparticles, one-dimensional nanotubes, combination of nanorods and nanofilaments). Surface modification of nanoscale primitives has become a new hot spot in nanomaterial research today. People can have more freedom to synthesize new materials with special properties according to their own wishes. The use of new physical properties, new principles, and new methods to design nanostructured principle devices and the modification of nanocomposite traditional materials are giving birth to new breakthroughs. 1 Research shapes and trends Nanotechnology generated in nanomaterial preparation and application research is likely to become the dominant technology in the first 20 years of the next century, driving the development of the nanoindustry. At the turn of the century, the world's advanced countries have reorganized nanomaterials research from the perspective of future development strategies. At the critical moment of the turn of the millennium, they have to meet new challenges, seize the initiative to establish nanomaterials and nanostructure projects, and quickly organize scientific and technological personnel to carry out work around the goals set by the country. Research is very important. The achievements made by the birthplace of nanomaterials over the years and their impact and penetration in various fields have always been eye-catching. In the 1990s, the connotation of nanomaterials research continued to expand, and the field gradually broadened. A prominent feature is that the connection between basic research and applied research is very close. The transformation speed of laboratory results is beyond people's expectations. Both basic research and applied research have made important progress. The United States has successfully prepared nano-cu materials with a grain size of 50urn, with a hardness 5 times higher than that of coarse-grained cu; PD with a grain size of 7urn, a yield stress that is 5 times higher than coarse-grained PD; intermetallic compounds with high strength The plastic problem has always attracted people's attention, and the nanometerization of crystal grains has brought hope to solve this problem. According to the development trend of nanomaterials and its important position in the development of high technology in the century, the governments of developed countries in the world are deploying The original 10 to 15-year nanotechnology research plan was planned. In 1998, the National Foundation for Science and Technology (NSF) of the United States regarded the synthesis, processing and application of nanofunctional materials as an important basic research project to invite bids from the national science and technology community; several plans of the United States Darpa (National Department of Advanced Technology Research) also regarded nanotechnology as an important research project. Object; Japan has formulated various plans for nanotechnology research in recent years, such as the ogala plan, the erato plan and the research plan on the basic principles and device utilization of quantum functional devices. In 1997, nanotechnology investment was US$128 million; German scientific research technology The Ministry of Finance helped the federal government formulate a 15-year plan for the development of nanotechnology from 1995 to 2010; the British government invested heavily in funding nanotechnology research; Western Europe invested US$120 million in 1997. According to the latest report in Nature on July 8, 1999, the application potential of nanomaterials has attracted the attention of the White House; U.S. President Clinton personally inquired about the research on nanomaterials and nanotechnology and decided to increase investment. In the next three years, funding will increase from US$250 million to US$250 million. increased to US$500 million. This shows that the research boom of nanomaterials and nanostructures will continue to develop for a long time in the next century. 2 International Trends and Development Strategies On July 8, 1999, "Nature" (Volume 400) published important news entitled "The U.S. government plans to increase investment to support the rise of nanotechnology." In this article, it is reported that the US government has doubled its investment in nanotechnology research funding from US$250 million to US$500 million within three years. President Clinton will submit a bill to support nanotechnology research to Congress for approval in February next year. In order to accelerate research on nanomaterials and technologies in the United States, the White House took temporary emergency measures to increase the original funding intensity of US$197 million to US$250 million. "American Business Weekly" reported on August 19 that the U.S. government has decided to list nanotechnology research as one of the 11 key areas in the first decade of the 21st century. "American Business Weekly" is grasping the three fields that may achieve important breakthroughs in the 21st century. This includes the field of nanotechnology (the other two are life sciences and biotechnology, obtaining energy from extraterrestrial planets).

The reason why the U.S. White House suddenly paid so much attention to nanomaterials and technology at the critical moment when the 20th century is about to end is due to two reasons: First, the German Ministry of Science and Technology made a prediction for the nanotechnology market in 2010 in 1996, which was estimated to reach At $1.44 trillion, the United States is trying to capture a sizeable share of such an attractive market. Williams, the head of basic research in the United States, said: The original application of nanotechnology far exceeds the computer industry. The White House Strategic Planning Office also believes that nanomaterials are the most important component of nanotechnology. The "Nature" report also specifically mentioned that the United States has led the world in nanostructure assembly systems and the preparation and synthesis of high-surface-area nanoparticles, as well as in the design and modification of nanofunctional coatings and the application of nanomaterials in biotechnology. Tied for first place in the world with European solids, nano-sized components and nano-solids also have to compete with Japan. In July 1999, the University of California, Los Angeles, and Hewlett-Packard successfully developed a 100urn chip. The University of Minnesota and Princeton University successfully prepared a quantum disk in 1998. This disk is a nanometer composed of magnetic nanorods. Array system, the density of 10bit/s size has reached 109bit/s. American merchants have organized relevant personnel to quickly convert. The market is expected to be US$40 billion in 2005. In 1988, the French first discovered the giant magnetoresistance effect. By 1997, nanostructured devices based on giant magnetoresistance had been launched in the United States. They will have important application prospects in magnetic storage, magnetic memory and computer read-write heads. Recently, the research department of Kodak Company in the United States has successfully studied a new type of nanopowder that has both pigment and molecular dye functions. It is expected to bring revolutionary changes to color printing rubber. Nanopowder materials are likely to inject new high-tech content into traditional industries and products in terms of modification of rubber, pigments, and ceramic products, and occupy an important share in the future market. Research on the application of nanomaterials in medicine has also attracted people's attention. It was these studies that made the White House realize that nanomaterials and technology will occupy an important strategic position. The second reason is that the field of nanomaterials and technology is the source of knowledge innovation and technological innovation. The discovery of new laws and principles and the establishment of new theories provide new opportunities for basic science. The United States plans to dominate basic research in this field. "status. 3 Domestic Research Progress my country’s nanomaterial research began in the late 1980s. During the “Eighth Five-Year Plan” period, “nanomaterial science” was included in the national climbing project. The National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the National Education Commission have organized eight major and key projects, and organized relevant scientific and technological personnel to work in various branches of nanomaterials. The National Natural Science Foundation of China has also funded more than 20 projects. The "863" new materials theme also conducts research on high-tech innovation topics related to nanomaterials. After 1996, promising signs emerged in applied research on nanomaterials. The intervention of local governments and some entrepreneurs brought my country's research on nanomaterials into a new situation in which basic research drives applied research. At present, there are more than 60 research groups in our country, with more than 600 people engaged in basic and applied research on nanomaterials. Among them, the units that undertake major national basic research projects and have carried out nanomaterials research relatively early are: Shanghai Silicate, Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Institute, Nanjing University. Institute of Solid State Physics, Institute of Metal Research, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tsinghua University, as well as Jilin University, Northeastern University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Tianjin University, Qingdao Institute of Chemical Technology, and East China Normal University , East China University of Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Physics, Institute of Photochemistry, etc. have also successively carried out basic research and applied research on nanomaterials. my country's basic research on nanomaterials has achieved remarkable and important research results in the past 10 years. A variety of physical and chemical methods have been used to prepare nanopowders of metal and alloy (crystalline, amorphous and nanocrystalline) oxides, nitrides, carbides and other compounds, and corresponding equipment has been established to achieve the production of nanoparticles. The size is controllable and nanofilms and blocks are produced.

We have made innovations in various aspects such as the characterization of nanomaterials, the origin and elimination of agglomerates, surface adsorption and desorption, and the preparation of nanocomposite particles and powders, and have made significant progress. We have successfully developed high-density, Nano-ceramics with complex shapes and superior properties; the first discovery in the world of superplastic deformation of nano-alumina grains in stress concentration areas during tensile fatigue; the giant magnetoresistance effect, magneto-optical effect and spin wave in particle films** He has made innovative achievements in * vibration and other aspects; for the first time in the world, it was discovered that the magnetic change of nano-perovskite compound particles exceeds that of metal gd; a new system of nano-composite oxides was designed and prepared, and their mid-infrared band absorption rate It can reach 92% and has been used in infrared thermal insulation fibers; a new method for preparing nano-alloys by complete crystallization of amorphous materials has been developed; the abnormal hall-petch effect in fully dense nano-alloys has been discovered. In recent years, my country has achieved significant results that have attracted worldwide attention in the research on functional nanomaterials, which has attracted international attention. The first is the synthesis of large-area oriented carbon tube arrays: the technology of efficiently preparing pure carbon nanotubes using the chemical vapor phase method. The nanotubes synthesized using this technology have basically the same pore diameter, about 20urn, the length is about 100pm, and the nanotube array area reaches 3mm 3mm. The degree of directional arrangement is high, and the distance between carbon nanotubes is 100pm. This large-area oriented carbon nanotube array has important application prospects in field emission cathodes for flat panel displays. An article in this regard was published in the American "Science" magazine in 1996. The second is the preparation of ultra-long carbon nanotubes: For the first time, ultra-long oriented carbon nanotube arrays with a length of 2 to 3 mm were prepared in large quantities. This ultra-long carbon nanotube is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude longer than existing carbon nanotubes. The results were published in the August 1998 issue of the British magazine Nature. The British "Financial Times" introduced the work on long nanotubes with the title "Carbon nanotubes enter the long stage". The third is the preparation of nitride-grafted nanorods: For the first time, carbon nanotubes were used as templates to successfully prepare blue-emitting nitride-like one-dimensional nanorods with a diameter of 3 to 40 urn and a length of microns, and a carbon nanotube-limited reaction was proposed. concept. This achievement was rated as one of China's top ten science and technology news in 1998. Fourth, the carbon nanotube array on the silicon substrate was successfully developed, promoting the application of carbon nanotubes in field emission planes and nanodevices. Fifth, one-dimensional nanowires and nanocables were successfully prepared. After the research paper on this achievement was read out at the 1998 Fourth International Nanoconference held in Sweden, many foreign scientists spoke highly of it. Sixth, the benzene thermal method was used to prepare nano-nitride image microcrystals; the non-aqueous solvothermal synthesis technology was discovered, and zinc nitride microcrystals with a particle size of 30 urn were produced at around 300°C for the first time. Chromium nitride (crn), cobalt phosphide (cop) and antimony sulfide (sbs) nanocrystals were also synthesized using benzene. The paper was published in the "Science" magazine in 1997. The seventh is to use catalytic pyrolysis to make nanodiamonds; use a medium temperature (70°C) catalytic pyrolysis method to react carbon tetrachloride and sodium in an autoclave to prepare diamond nanopowder. The paper was published in the 1998 "Science" magazine . The American "Chemical and Engineering News" magazine also published an article titled "Straw into gold---making diamond from carbon tetrachloride (cc14)", which was highly praised. my country's research on nanomaterials and nanostructures has a 10-year work foundation and work accumulation. Based on the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" research work, several nanomaterials research bases have been initially formed, such as the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing University, The Institute of Solid State Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Metallurgy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Physics, the University of Science and Technology of China, Tsinghua University, and the Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have formed important units for basic research on nanomaterials and nanostructures in my country. Regardless of the analysis of the forward-looking and basic nature of the research objects, or the academic level and applicability of the results, it has won a place for my country's nanomaterials research in the world, promoted the development of my country's nanomaterials research, and cultivated high-level nanomaterials research. Talent contributed. It also plays an important role in bridging basic research and applied research on nanomaterials and accelerating the transformation of results. At present and in the future, these units will still be the backbone of my country's nanomaterials and nanostructure research.

In the past 10 years, our country has established a variety of physical and chemical methods to prepare nanomaterials, developed more than 10 devices for preparing nanomaterials, such as gas evaporation, magnetron sputtering, laser-induced CVD, and plasma heating vapor synthesis, and developed chemical ***Precipitation, sol-gel, microemulsion hydrothermal, non-aqueous solvent synthesis and supercritical liquid phase synthesis to prepare various nanomaterials including metals, alloys, oxides, nitrides, carbides, ionic crystals and semiconductors Methods, a variety of nanocomposites with excellent properties have been developed. In recent years, according to the development trend of international nanomaterials research, various methods for preparing nanostructure (such as nano-ordered array systems, mesoporous assembly systems, mcm-41, etc.) assembly systems have been established and developed, especially self-assembly and molecular We have also accumulated rich experience in self-assembly, template synthesis, carbothermal reduction, droplet epitaxial growth, mesoporous epitaxial growth, etc., and have successfully prepared a variety of quasi-one-dimensional nanomaterials and nanoassembly systems. These methods lay a good foundation for further studying the physical properties of nanostructures and quasi-nanomaterials and promoting their application in nanostructured devices. The evaluation methods of nanomaterials and nanostructures are basically complete and have reached the international advanced level in the late 1990s. To sum up, during the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" period, our country has achieved a number of innovative results in nanomaterial research and formed a high-level scientific research team. Basic research has occupied a place in the world, and new applications and development research have also emerged. This situation has laid the foundation for the continued development of nanomaterials research in my country. In the past 10 years, our country's scientific and technological workers have published more than 2,400 papers on nanomaterials and nanostructures in domestic and foreign academic journals, ranking fifth internationally. Among them, nanocarbon tubes and nanoclusters ranked first in the 1998 European Literature and Information At the exchange meeting, a research report by the Max Planck Institute of Solid State Research in Germany reported that Chinese scientific and technological workers have surpassed Germany in published papers, ranking third in the world. In previous international conferences on nanomaterials and nanostructures held in the world, my country’s nanometer Materials science and technology workers *** gave invited reports 24 times. So far, the research on nanomaterials has won 1 third-class national natural science award, 2 national invention awards; 3 first- and second-class academy-level natural science awards, 3 first-class invention awards, and 1 special scientific and technological progress award; 79 patents have been applied for, of which invention patents account for 50%, 6 invention patents have been officially authorized, and 6 invention patents have achieved transformation. In recent years, our country's nanotechnology workers have published some influential academic papers internationally, which have attracted the attention and praise of international colleagues. Published 6 papers on the preparation of nanomaterials and nanostructures in the magazines "Nature" and "Science", and nearly 20 academic papers with impact factors above 6 (phys.rev.lett, j.ain.chem.soc.) There are 31 articles with impact factors above 3, and the articles indexed by SCI and EI account for 59% of the total published papers. At the Fourth International Conference on Nanomaterials held in Stockholm, Sweden, in June 1998, China's nanomaterials research was highly praised, pointing out that China has achieved exciting results in the preparation of nanomaterials in recent years. In the summary of the conference, 8 countries with relatively good results in nanomaterials research were selected to be introduced at the closing ceremony. China spoke at the conference after the United States, Japan, Germany, and Sweden.

4 Nano-industry development trends

(1) Nanotechnology in the information industry: The information industry plays an important role not only abroad, but also in my country. In 2000, China's information industry created a GDP of 580 billion yuan. The application of nanotechnology in the information industry is mainly reflected in three aspects: ① network communication, broadband network communication, nanostructure devices, chip technology and high-definition digital display technology. Because no matter whether communication, integration or display devices, original devices are required, the United States has begun to develop them. Now there are single electron devices, tunneling electronic devices, and spin electronic devices. This kind of device has been successfully developed in the laboratory, and may be available in 2001. Enter the market year.

② Our country is still lagging behind in optoelectronic devices, molecular electronic devices, and giant magnetic electronic devices. However, it will take 10 years for these original devices to be converted into commodities and enter the market. Therefore, China must carry out improvements in these aspects 15 to 20 years ahead of time. Research. ③ Our country’s research level does not lag behind in terms of key nanodevices for network communications, such as lasers, filters, resonators, microcapacitors, microelectrodes, etc. in network communications, and they are available in Anhui Province. ④Varistors, nonlinear resistors, etc., can be modified by adding zinc oxide nanomaterials.

(2) Nanotechnology in the environmental industry: Nanotechnology is an irreplaceable technology for the degradation of 20 nanometer pollutants in the air and 200 nanometer pollutants in water. To purify the environment, nanotechnology must be used. We have now successfully prepared a device that can degrade formaldehyde, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide, which can reduce harmful gases greater than 10ppm in the air to 0.1ppm. The device has entered the practical production stage; using porous pellet combinations Photocatalytic nanomaterials have been successfully used to degrade organic matter in sewage, and have good degradation effects on organic pollutants such as phenol that are difficult to degrade with other traditional technologies. In recent years, many companies have been committed to transplanting nanotechnology such as photocatalysis into the water treatment industry to improve water quality, and initial results have been achieved; the use of rare earth cerium oxide and precious metal nanocombined technology to transform automobile exhaust treatment devices is also effective. It is obvious that the treatment of pollution caused by algae in freshwater lakes has recently been successfully studied in the laboratory.

(3) Nanotechnology in energy and environmental protection: Rational utilization of traditional energy and development of new energy is an important task for our country at present and in the future. In terms of rational use of traditional energy, the main ones now are purifiers and combustion accelerants, which can fully burn coal and self-circulate during combustion, reducing sulfur emissions and eliminating the need for auxiliary devices. In addition, there are already additives that use nanometers to improve gasoline and diesel. In fact, they are a kind of liquid small molecule combustible cluster material that can support combustion and purify. Foreign countries have made rapid progress in developing new energy sources, which is to turn non-combustible gases into flammable gases. Nowadays, the world is mainly developing energy conversion materials, and my country is also doing it. It includes converting solar energy into electrical energy, thermal energy into electrical energy, chemical energy into electrical energy, etc.

(4) Nanobiomedicine: This is one of the most promising fields after my country enters the WTO. Currently, the international pharmaceutical industry is facing a new decision, which is to develop the pharmaceutical industry at the nanoscale. Nanobiomedicine is to extract necessary substances from animals and plants and then combine them at the nanoscale to maximize the effectiveness of the medicine. This is exactly the idea of ????my country's traditional Chinese medicine. After extracting the essence, a very small backbone, such as sugar and starch that can be absorbed by the human body, is used to make it highly efficient and sustained release of targeted drugs. The improvement of traditional medicines can be taken to the next level by using nanotechnology.

(5) New nanomaterials: Although new nanomaterials are not final products, they are very important. According to U.S. estimates, by the 2030s, 40% of the steel and metal materials in automobiles will be replaced by lightweight and high-strength materials, which can save 40% of gasoline, reduce CO2, and reduce emissions by 40%. This alone can provide The United States has created US$100 billion in social benefits. In addition, there are various functional materials. Glass has good transparency but heavy weight. We use nanometers to improve it and make it lighter. This material not only has mechanical properties, but also has other functions, including light discoloration and light storage. Reflect various ultraviolet, infrared, light absorption, storage and other functions.

(6) Nanotechnology’s transformation of traditional industries: For China, currently is the best opportunity for nanotechnology to enter traditional industries and combine nanotechnology with technologies in various fields. The first is the home appliances, light industry, and electronics industries. Hefei Meiling Group has been developing nano-refrigerators since 1996. The foldable PVC magnetic refrigerator door seal is mold-free and uses antibacterial paint. The fruit bowl inside is made of nano-materials. The development of light industry, electronics and household appliances can drive the development of coatings, materials, electronics The development of industries such as original devices; followed by textiles. Man-made fibers are the development trend of the chemical fiber and textile industries. If China's textile industry wants to occupy a favorable position after entering the WTO, it must now apply nanotechnology and nanomaterials in an all-round way.

Last year's TV promotion about thermal insulation quilts and thermal clothing mentioned the application of nanotechnology. Special functions include anti-static, flame retardant, etc. Nano conductive materials are assembled into them, which can operate under a high voltage of 110,000 volts. To shield the human body, in this regard, the situation of applying nanotechnology in the textile industry is promising; the third is the electric power industry. Using nanotechnology to transform 200,000 volt and 110,000 volt transformer transmission porcelain bottles can improve the electrical shock resistance of the 110,000 volt porcelain bottles in all aspects, and the glaze will not frost, and other comprehensive properties are very good; the fourth is the building materials industry In paints and coatings, including various ceramic glazes and inks, the intervention of nanotechnology can upgrade product performance.

On August 20, 1999, "American Business Weekly", when looking forward to areas that may have breakthrough developments in the 21st century, focused on life sciences and biotechnology, nanoscience and nanotechnology, and obtaining energy from extraterrestrial planets. Predictions and evaluations were made, and it was pointed out that these are new challenges and opportunities faced by mankind as we enter the 21st century. Nobel Prize winner Rohrer once said: Countries that valued microns in the 1970s are now developed countries, and countries that value nanotechnology now are likely to become advanced countries in the next century. The challenges are severe and the opportunities are rare. We must pay more attention to the research of nanotechnology, pay attention to the intersection between nanotechnology and other fields, accelerate knowledge innovation and technological innovation, and lay a solid foundation for the development of China's economy in the 21st century.

For nanotechnology, the scientific attitude is to actively participate and promote the healthy development of this cutting-edge technology in a down-to-earth manner. There is no need for commercial hype or scientific hype.

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