Introduction to BMW - - BMW Bavarian Engine Factory (German: Bayerische Motoren Werke, abbreviated as BMW), which owns the registered trademark of BMW in mainland China and Hong Kong, is a world-renowned German high-end automobile As a motorcycle manufacturer, its headquarters and birthplace are located in Munich, the capital of Bavaria, Germany. In addition to selling various automobile and motorcycle products with the abbreviation BMW as the brand trademark, the factory has also acquired a number of overseas car manufacturers, such as the British Rolls-Royce (Rolls-Royce), which currently belongs to the group. BMW also acquired the British Rover Group, but after a short period of operation due to unbearable losses, it sold Rover back to the British consortium for 1 pound, retaining only the Austin brand. The Mini model is also sold under the Mini brand. In addition to luxury and comfort, the automobile products manufactured by BMW are known for their rich driving pleasure and excellent control performance. In line with these characteristics, the car manufacturer has been very active in participating in many automobile and motorcycle competitions around the world, among which levels and The highest investment is in participating in FIA Formula One racing activities. The factory is currently the main sponsor and engine supplier of Team BMW-Williams. The BMW corporate headquarters building was located in the western suburbs of Munich during the nascent period of history. In 1913, Karl Friedrich Rapp, the founder of BMW, used a factory building that was originally used to manufacture bicycles in the suburbs of Munich to establish Rapp. Rapp-Motorenwerke is engaged in the manufacture of aircraft engines. In the same year, Gustav Otto also founded the Gustav Otto Flugmaschinenfabrik nearby. Gustav was actually the famous Nikolaus Otto. Nikolaus August Otto, son of the inventor of the four-stroke gasoline engine (Otto cycle engine). Gustav Otto later formed a joint venture with others and founded the Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (BFW) on March 7, 1916, and merged the factory he had established for three years into the new factory. In the same year, Rapp also received funding from bankers Camillo Castiglioni and Max Friz to significantly expand its scale. However, due to an evaluation error and excessive expansion, poor operations led to Rapp's collapse. Pu sadly left in 1917. His partners found Austrian financier Franz-Josef Popp to take over the business of the engine factory, and on July 20, 1917, the factory was renamed Bavarian Engine Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Bayerische Motoren Werke GmbH, abbreviated as BMW), with Pap as the first president. During World War I, BMW, a military supplier, set up a large factory near the Oberwiesenfeld military airport on the outskirts of Munich and continued to manufacture military aircraft engines for the military until 1918. On August 13, 1918, BMW was restructured into a publicly listed joint-stock company (BMW AG), establishing the scale of the company that would flourish thereafter. In 1922, BMW merged with BFW and became the BMW we are familiar with today. However, when tracing the history of the company, the company's official statement is based on the founding date of BFW, which is March 7, 1916 as the founding day of BMW. BMW's first aviation engine was the Type IIIa, which was put into production in 1917. It was a water-cooled inline six-cylinder engine that used a high-altitude carburetor developed by Fritz, one of the company's partners. The maximum output of the engine can also be exerted in high-altitude environments.

In 1919, BMW installed a Type IV inline six-cylinder engine produced by the factory into a DFW biplane, piloted by Franz Zeno Diemer, at the Munich Olympic Park (today The flight altitude record was set at 9,760 meters above the BMW headquarters). From the sky to two wheels. In 1918, the First World War ended. According to the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, the manufacture of aircraft was prohibited in Germany. This severely hit the growing German aviation industry and forced BMW to switch to manufacturing brakes for railways and began Development of engines for locomotives. In 1920, the M2 B 15 engine designed by Martin Stolle became the first locomotive engine produced by BMW. In 1923, Fritz designed the R32 locomotive with a displacement of 500 cc. Different from the factory's previous locomotive products, which all used chain drive designs, the R32 was the first BMW locomotive to use shaft drive. The shaft drive design has become one of the most famous features of BMW motorcycles, and we can still see this design on the factory's R series motorcycles to this day. The engine carried by the R32 is actually BMW's original Type VI aviation engine. Perhaps it is for this reason that BMW used the blue and white checkered flag factory emblem inspired by aircraft propellers for the first time on the R32 (the blue and white checkered flag is the tradition of Bavaria). symbol) and is still used today. On September 19, 1929, motorcycle rider Ernst Henne set a world record of 216.75km/h in Munich while riding a new BMW motorcycle with a displacement of 750 cc. After that, he continued to break the world high-speed record many times, among which the 279.5km/h set in 1937 was the most astonishing. This record lasted for 12 consecutive years before anyone broke it. Moving towards the field of four-wheel products. In 1927, the Eisenach depot in Eisenach, Thüringen, Germany, obtained the authorization from the British Austin depot and began to manufacture the factory's famous The German version of the Austin 7 model is sold under the Dixi brand. The following year, BMW acquired the factory at a price of 16 million marks, and thus obtained the production rights of the Dixi 3/15 PS car, which became the factory's first car product. This car was launched as an improved version DA2 after being modified by BMW. DA means Deutsche Ausführung (Made in Germany). It was well received after its debut and sold 18,976 units in just about three years of production. . As for the 3/20 PS (also known as AM 4, Ausführung München 4 Gange, meaning "Munich production, four-speed transmission") that debuted in 1932, it was the first BMW self-made car product. This car improved from the Dixi is equipped with a 782 cc. inline four-cylinder engine, with a maximum horsepower output of 20hp/3500rpm, and a top speed of about 80km/h. In the same year, it competed in Baden-Baden (Baden-Baden). Winning the Concours d'Elegance. The BMW 303, which debuted in 1933, is truly the most important and representative car. It created two traditions that BMW still maintains to this day. First, it is BMW's first car equipped with an inline six-cylinder engine. Second, this car adopts the famous "double kidney" radiator grille shape on the front part for the first time. The shape of the kidney has also been modified many times, but the basic tone of the shape has remained unchanged to this day. Current model car products BMW's overall car and motorcycle products BMW's car products are classified based on car series. Each car series has its own car based on the detailed differences in the engine, drive system and equipment level of each car model. Model name (such as 760Li, 645Ci, 330iX).

Since all modern BMW models have the same name and are passed down from generation to generation, it often happens that the car names are the same but the models are actually different. In order to avoid confusion, we often refer to the car series within the car manufacturer. Code names are used to assist in naming (although in business, BMW does not directly use car series codes publicly), so we often hear names such as E36 318i and E60 M5 to distinguish various BMW models. Series (1er-Reihe): Car series codenamed E87, launched in 2004, small five-door hatchback series. Three series (3er-Reihe): Car series code E90, launched in 2004, small executive-level touring car series. Three Series (3er-Reihe): Car series codenamed E46, launched in 1998, a series of small executive-level RVs and derivative models. The four-door RV model has been discontinued. Currently, there are only two-door coupes (Coupé) and five-door station wagons. (Touring), two-door four-seat convertible (Cabrio) and three-door hatchback (Compact) continue to be sold. Five Series (5er-Reihe): Car series codenamed E60, launched in 2003, medium-sized executive-level sedan and derived five-door station wagon. Six series (6er-Reihe): medium and large coupe series, including two-door coupe (car series code E63, launched in 2003) and two-door convertible (car series code E64, launched in 2004). Seven Series (7er-Reihe): A series of large luxury sedans, launched in 2002, with short-axle type (car series code E65) and long-axle type (car series code E66). Z3 coupé: a small two-door coupe, launched in 1998. It was originally a derivative of the Z3 roadster convertible. After the latter was replaced by the Z4, only the hardtop model was still on sale. Z4: Car series code E85, launched in 2002, a small two-door, two-seater convertible sports car. X3: Car code E83, launched in 2003, small five-door SUV series. X5: Car series code E53, launched in 1999, medium-sized five-door SUV series.

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