(2) The production of seven-star pepper has begun to take shape. In recent years, stimulated and driven by the tourism market, seven-star pepper began to shift from self-sufficiency to large-scale planting, intensive processing, factory-style mass production and commercial marketing, and gradually formed a series of seven-star pepper chopped pepper products such as Gong Kang, Ling Jie, Seven Sisters and Clever Daughter-in-law, which gradually entered the tourism product market and were favored and sought after by the public. In 212, the output value of seven-star pepper in the city reached 15 million yuan, and the income of pepper farmers in the main producing areas reached 5, yuan only.
(3) There is a broad space for the development of seven-star pepper. Because of its strong adaptability, rich nutrients and long industrial chain, Qixingjiao has been paid attention to by various places. In recent years, the planting and processing industry of Qixingjiao in Sichuan, Chongqing and Guizhou provinces in China has developed rapidly and become an important economic source for local farmers. At the same time, pepper also occupies a certain share in import and export trade. Various processed products and comprehensive utilization products of pepper have become an important part of global economy and trade, and the market share ratio is getting higher and higher. The proportion of fresh pepper is decreasing year by year, and the proportion of industrial processing is increasing. Pepper industry is a big industry with considerable prospects. For hilly and mountainous areas suitable for pepper planting, developing Qixing pepper industry is an important way to improve people's living standards and increase economic income.
second, the present situation and existing problems of seven-star pepper industry development
(I) the analysis of the present situation of seven-star pepper industry development
1. The base construction has developed rapidly, and the layout of advantageous areas has initially taken shape
According to statistics, in 213, the planting area of seven-star pepper in the city exceeded 1, mu, mainly distributed in towns and villages such as Yuanguping, Wangjiaping, Xiejiaya and Dongxi in Cili County in the southeast of yongding county. Among them, there are 5 townships with planting area exceeding 1 mu, and Qixingjiao has become one of the main economic sources of local farmers.
2. Seven-star pepper planting income increases year by year
Seven-star pepper was originally used as food for farmers' own use, and the price per kilogram has been hovering around 2 yuan. However, with the expansion of intensive processing scale and the extension of the product's external market, the price of seven-star pepper has increased rapidly. At present, the purchase price is generally 4~5 yuan per kilogram, and the average income per mu has reached more than 3, yuan. This year, Lingjie Food Company, as a leading enterprise in agricultural industrialization, generally increased the purchase price of seven-star pepper to 8 yuan per kilogram in order to reduce the losses caused by drought. Several pepper professional cooperatives have also increased the purchase price accordingly, and this alone will increase the income of the base farmers by a total of 5 million yuan. According to reports, Huang Shuhai, a farmer of Liupingang Formation in Shaziya Village, planted more than 2 mu of seven-star pepper this year, earning more than 1, yuan, but the rice planted by his family was almost completely harvested due to the severe drought. It was the seven-star pepper that minimized the loss.
3. The brand effect appears initially
At present, there are more than ten seven-star pepper processing enterprises in the city, and two of them have become the leading enterprises in municipal agricultural industrialization. There are five farmers' professional cooperative organizations focusing on the cultivation, processing and sales of seven-star pepper. The pepper products of food companies such as Zhangjiajie Lingjie, Wangjiaping Gongkang and Dongxia Seven Sisters have a certain brand awareness. The seven sisters of Dongxi were certified by the national geographical mark, and the products of Lingjie Company passed the national green food certification in August 21.
(II) Problems in the development of seven-star pepper industry
1. The agricultural production conditions are poor, facing the dual constraints of natural disasters and rural labor shortage. Most of the seven-star pepper planting areas in our city are in remote mountainous areas, mainly planted on dry slopes, with poor infrastructure conditions such as irrigation and drainage and transportation, and weak ability to resist natural disasters such as drought; In addition, with the increasing number of young migrant workers in rural areas, the labor force in agricultural production is seriously insufficient, which seriously affects the cultivation of large growers in the base and restricts the development of Qixing pepper.
2. The cultivation technology system is imperfect, the variety is single and the yield is low. Farmers have extensive techniques in pepper cultivation, and generally use direct seeding, which depends on the weather to harvest peppers, and the planting benefits are unstable. In the long-term cultivation practice, farmers often keep their own seeds without paying attention to the purification and rejuvenation of varieties, which leads to serious degradation of pepper varieties. Seven-star peppers planted year after year vary greatly in color, size and taste, and are prone to diseases and pests, which not only affects the quality of pepper products, but also restricts the improvement of yield, resulting in low economic benefits. There are no strict technical operation rules and pollution-free production standards in the production of pepper raw materials to guide farmers' planting, which makes the purpose of local farmers' planting pepper unclear and blind.
3. The comprehensive strength of the industry is weak, and a well-known brand with strong driving force has not yet been formed. Compared with other pepper-growing areas inside and outside the province, the seven-star pepper industry in Zhangjiajie is still in the initial stage of cluster development. Most processing enterprises are still in the stage of family workshops, and the processing of pepper products mainly stays at the processing level of raw materials or semi-finished products. Although the city has registered trademarks such as "Lingjie", "Seven Sisters", "Gong Kang" and "Clever Daughter-in-law", it has not yet formed a famous brand in the whole province or even the whole country. Seeing that the sales of seven-star pepper products are profitable, a few enterprises buy peppers from other places and label them as Zhangjiajie seven-star pepper, which not only harms the interests of consumers, but also adversely affects the further development of the seven-star pepper industry in our city.
Third, concentrate financial and material resources to actively cultivate and expand the seven-star pepper industry
The series of products of the seven-star pepper industry in Zhangjiajie have gained a certain reputation in recent years, mainly due to its unique internal quality, good geographical and ecological environment and the rapidly rising Zhangjiajie tourism market. The development of seven-star pepper industry not only meets the demand of the market, especially the tourism product market, but also drives farmers in remote mountainous areas to get rich. How to enlarge and strengthen the seven-star pepper industry in Zhangjiajie and enhance the market competitiveness of the industry has become an important topic that we seriously consider in implementing the "523" action plan.
(1) Adjust the industrial structure and expand the planting area
In view of the problems of scattered planting land, small scale and insufficient raw materials for processing and production in the seven-star pepper producing areas in the city, the urban and county governments should introduce encouraging policies and create a good environment to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers in the producing areas to plant seven-star pepper and realize centralized and contiguous intensive planting. Take Shaziya Village in Wangjiaping Town as an example. There are 1,1 mu of land that can be planted in the village. At present, only 4 mu is used for the production of seven-star pepper, and a large number of idle land in nearby or more remote villages can be planted with seven-star pepper. Three rural areas in Niuchehe Township, Taoyuan County, which are nearby, have been actively developing the seven-star pepper industry in recent years. The planting area of the whole village has reached more than 1, mu. Every household has made a fortune by planting seven-star pepper and built a small building, becoming a well-known seven-star pepper professional village and a wealthy village. Their experience and practices are worth learning and learning from. Governments at all levels should mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers in producing areas to plant seven-star pepper through the adjustment of industrial structure, and put the development of seven-star pepper industry into the "523" action plan as a whole. We should focus on supporting the development of a number of large professional households, specialized villages and specialized townships, speed up the construction of a 1,-mu Qixing pepper industrial belt with Wangjiaping Town as the center, and gradually form an intensive and specialized commercial pepper production base with a moderate scale.
(2) Pay attention to the popularization of science and technology and improve the planting level
According to the research results of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, as long as the cultivation and management are proper, the yield per mu of seven-star pepper can reach more than 2, kg, which means that there is still great room for improvement in the yield per unit area of seven-star pepper. Therefore, increasing technical input, introducing high-yield varieties scientifically, implementing standardized planting, improving soil structure, carrying out technical training and establishing demonstration models can greatly improve the production efficiency of Qixing pepper. First, in view of the current problem of variety degradation, we should speed up the pace of new variety breeding, purify the complex form, unify breeding, and focus on solving the problems of drought resistance, disease tolerance, high yield and high quality; Second, it is necessary to guide farmers to scientifically use fertilizers and drugs, and adhere to the production and planting of green organic food standards; Third, it is necessary to strengthen the docking with scientific research institutes, encourage and support the long-term technical cooperation between Shaziya Village in Wangjiaping Town and the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, improve farmers' planting level and promote farmers' income.
(3) Strengthen brand building and build industrial clusters
Thanks to the superior geographical and climatic environment and traditional crafts, the products of Qixingjiao have been recognized by the public in Zhangjiajie and its surrounding areas, or some brands of Qixingjiao products have begun to take shape. With the natural expansion of the market, this brand effect will be revealed and improved. There are also several seven-star pepper products in Cili, Taoyuan and Yuanling around Wangjiaping Town, but these products still have mixed brands and uneven development. In Zhangjiajie, the traditional producing area of seven-star pepper with Wangjiaping town as the center is in urgent need of the king-style fist brand to lead the formation of the overall brand. It is necessary to rely on Zhangjiajie tourism market, radiate the surrounding areas, build a real seven-star pepper industrial cluster, and expand the overall influence of seven-star pepper series brands.
(4) increase capital investment, improve farmers' professional cooperative organizations, and support the development of leading enterprises.
the seven-star pepper industry in Zhangjiajie, in the form of farmers' cooperatives, has created local characteristic industries and promoted the development of leading enterprises, which has shown initial effects. The government and departments should take the seven-star pepper industry as an important part of the "523" action plan from the industrial policy, and carry out industrial design and support from the whole process of breeding, material preparation, processing raw material production and marketing. First, governments at all levels should increase investment in the infrastructure of Qixingjiao base, integrate funds from agriculture-related departments, improve traffic conditions in Qixingjiao producing areas, and strengthen the construction of external environmental conditions such as water conservancy facilities and market networks. Second, we should do a good job in the construction of seven-star pepper market, establish seven-star pepper professional markets in Wangjiaping Town, Dongxia Township and other major producing areas, give play to the market regulation function, and strive to form a multi-level, multi-form and multi-functional market system with large wholesale markets as the core, producing markets and retail markets as the combination. Third, it is necessary to introduce preferential policies, actively attract foreign investment, develop deep processing of Chili products, speed up the development of high-end products such as Chili sauce, Chili powder and capsaicin, and increase added value. Fourth, it is necessary to support the development of farmers' professional cooperative organizations and lengthen the industrial chain of companies (cooperatives)+bases+farmers. In view of the current situation that cooperatives are small and scattered, all functional departments should strengthen guidance, standardize management, speed up the establishment of Qixing pepper cooperative, and increase support for leading enterprises, so as to quickly become the leader of Qixing pepper industry in our city. Fifth, we should encourage social forces and farmers to invest manpower and material resources to participate in the development, and finally form a good operating mechanism for industrial development with government support and guidance, and enterprises, companies and farmers as the main input and development subjects.
Based on the field investigation of Qixingjiao industrial base in Wangjiaping town, we found many advantages and highlights of the development of Qixingjiao industry in Zhangjiajie city, which will enlighten us to make full use of our unique natural and human resources, make scientific decisions, actively support and strive to build regional industrial brands, and adhere to the policy of "developing bases, expanding leading enterprises, creating characteristics, creating brands and enriching farmers" to promote local characteristic products and industries to truly drive farmers to get rich quickly.