Outline of mechanical engineer qualification examination (for Trial Implementation)
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I. Basic requirements
Two. Examination content
Ⅲ. Relevant regulations and explanations
Ⅳ. Sample questions and examples
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The Outline of Qualification Examination for Mechanical Engineers (for Trial Implementation) is one of the examination standard documents formulated by China Mechanical Engineering Society and the Examination Center of the Ministry of Education to carry out the technical qualification certification of mechanical engineers and technicians in China. It is the basis for applicants for mechanical engineer qualification certification to take the "comprehensive quality and skills" exam, write the "Guide to Mechanical Engineer Qualification Examination" and other learning materials, and carry out student counseling and qualification examination propositions in various places.
This outline is divided into four parts: 1. Basic requirements. Examination content, three. Relevant regulations and instructions. Sample questions.
The basic requirements show that as a qualified mechanical engineer, he should actively adapt to the development trend of globalization, informationization, greening and service of manufacturing industry in the world today, strive to improve his comprehensive quality, and become a new generation of mechanical engineering professional and technical personnel with good professional ethics and innovative ideas, master mechanical manufacturing technology, and understand economy, management knowledge and related international principles.
The examination contents listed in the syllabus reflect the basic knowledge, related knowledge and skills that a qualified mechanical engineer should possess in eight aspects. These exams not only cover the main basic and professional knowledge learned in the university, but more importantly, they include the practical experience and ability that candidates should gain by using these knowledge after work, and also involve new knowledge that should be expanded after graduation from the university, which is a comprehensive assessment of candidates' comprehensive quality. Therefore, if candidates want to pass the qualification examination to meet the basic requirements of the syllabus, they must have a solid university foundation, practical work practice after graduation, and continuous accumulation of continuing education while working.
The third part of the outline is the relevant provisions and explanations on the examination form, time, matters needing attention, test paper structure, question distribution, question quantity and difficulty degree of the qualification examination.
The fourth part of the syllabus provides sample questions for the first unit exam and the second unit exam.
After a period of examination practice, this outline needs further improvement and perfection. I hope users can give their comments and suggestions.
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I. Basic requirements
1. Familiar with engineering drawing standards and representation methods. Master the selection and marking of tolerance fit.
2. Familiar with the performance, test methods and selection of common metal materials. Master the heat treatment principle of steel, and be familiar with the heat treatment methods and selection of common metal materials. Understand the types and applications of common engineering plastics, special ceramics, optical fibers and nano-materials.
3. Master the basic knowledge and skills of mechanical product design, and be proficient in the design of parts. Familiar with the design procedures and basic technical elements of mechanical products, able to use electronic computers to carry out auxiliary design of parts, familiar with practical design methods and understand modern design methods.
4. Master the basic knowledge and skills of manufacturing process, be familiar with the manufacturing process of typical parts, and be able to analyze and solve general process problems on the spot. Familiar with the basic technical contents, methods and characteristics of mechanical manufacturing processes such as casting, pressure machining, welding, cutting (grinding), special machining, surface coating treatment and assembly, and master some key points. Familiar with process planning and design knowledge of process equipment. Understand the principles and knowledge of production line design and workshop layout.
5. Familiar with occupational safety regulations, ethics and legal knowledge. Familiar with the basic knowledge of economy and management. Understand the concept and application of management innovation.
6. Be familiar with quality management and quality assurance system, master basic tools and methods of process control, and understand relevant quality inspection technologies.
7. Familiar with the basic knowledge of computer application. Familiar with the composition, function and programming of CNC system. Understand the basic concepts of computer simulation and the characteristics and applications of commonly used computer software.
8. Understand the related knowledge of mechanical manufacturing automation.
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Two. Examination content
I. Engineering Drawing and Tolerance Coordination
1. General provisions of engineering drawing
(1) drawing framework
(2) Draw lines
(3) Proportion
(4) Title bar
(5) View representation method
(6) Layout of drawings
(7) Section symbols and drawing methods
2. The specified drawings of parts (system) drawings
(1) mechanical system parts drawing (thread and threaded fastener drawing, spline drawing and its size spring drawing)
(2) Schematic diagram of mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic systems (schematic diagram of mechanical parts and symbols of pipelines, interfaces and joints, schematic diagram and symbols of common hydraulic components, schematic diagram and symbols).
3. Schematic diagram
Drawing method of (1) mechanical system schematic diagram
(2) Drawing the schematic diagram of hydraulic system
(3) Drawing the schematic diagram of pneumatic system
4. Schematic diagram
5. Marking of size, tolerance, fit and shape tolerance
(1) dimensioning
(2) Marking of tolerance and fit (basic concepts and marking methods of tolerance and fit)
(3) Marking of form and position tolerance
6. Surface quality description and labeling
Evaluation parameters of (1) surface roughness
(2) Symbols and codes of surface quality marks
(3) Description of surface quality label
7. Dimension chain
Second, the engineering materials
1. Metal material
(1) Material properties (mechanical properties, physical properties, chemical properties and technological properties)
(2) Crystal structure (characteristics of crystal, crystal structure of metal, structure of transition alloy of solid crystal metal)
(3) Fe-C alloy phase diagram (analysis of typical Fe-C alloy crystallization process; Effect of carbon on equilibrium microstructure and properties of Fe-C alloy: application of iron-carbon alloy phase diagram)
(4) Inspection methods (tensile test, impact test, hardness test, chemical analysis, metallographic analysis and nondestructive testing)
(5) Material selection (availability, process performance and economy)
2. Other engineering materials
(1) engineering plastics (common thermoplastic engineering plastics, common thermosetting engineering plastics, common plastic molding methods and application of engineering plastics)
(2) Special ceramics (alumina ceramics, silicon nitride ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics, boron nitride ceramics, cermets)
(3) Optical fiber (category application)
(4) Nano-materials (category application)
3. Heat treatment
(1) heat treatment process (heat treatment of steel, cast iron and non-ferrous metals)
(2) Heat treatment equipment (oil furnace, resistance furnace, vacuum furnace induction heating power supply)
(3) Application of heat treatment (shafts, springs, gears, rolling bearings, molds, tools, cast iron, steel castings and non-ferrous metal parts)
Third, product design.
1. New product design and development plan
(1) Feasibility analysis (feasibility analysis report of market research product positioning)
(2) Conceptual design (design requirements, functional analysis, scheme design and design task book)
(3) Technical design (work content and requirements, mechanical structure design and calculation instructions)
(4) Design evaluation and decision-making (evaluation objectives, standards and evaluation methods)
2. Basic technical elements of mechanical design
(1) strength and stiffness
(2) Structural manufacturability design (design principles of machinability design, assembly design, packaging and transportation)
(3) Reliability (reliability evaluation index of reliability design)
(4) Friction/wear/lubrication (friction law and wear law affect factors of friction and wear, and methods to reduce friction and wear)
(5) Mechanical vibration and noise (basic concepts, causes and hazards of vibration and noise, and strategic measures to prevent and reduce vibration and noise)
(6) Safety (safety design principle, protection design)
(7) Standardization and generalization
3. Design of mechanical parts
(1) mechanical transmission and its parts (functional characteristics and design calculation of gears, shaft and design of screw and belt transmission, design and calculation of reducer and governor)
(2) Connections and fasteners (bolt connection and design keys, design calculation pins, design coupling and design calculation of functional characteristics of interference connection)
(3) Operating adjustment and control components (functional characteristics of spring, design of clutch and design of brake)
(4) Box/rack components (design standards, general requirements and design steps of boxes and racks)
4. Pneumatic and hydraulic transmission control system
(1) General pneumatic and hydraulic components (control valves, pumps and motors)
(2) Principle and system design of pneumatic and hydraulic transmission (basic pipeline design of pneumatic system and basic pipeline design of hydraulic system)
(3) Common fault diagnosis and maintenance
(4) Seal design
5. Power Transmission Foundation
(1) motor (DC motor asynchronous motor synchronous motor)
(2) Electrical speed regulation (DC motor speed regulation and asynchronous motor speed regulation)
(3) Electric braking (DC motor braking asynchronous motor braking)
(4) Selection of motor
6. Design method and application
(1) Computer Aided Design (Conceptual Application)
(2) Practical design method (industrial modeling design optimization design ergonomics reverse engineering modular design finite element analysis rapid prototyping manufacturing)
(3) Modern design methods (concurrent design, intelligent design, life cycle design, green design and innovative design)
Fourth, the manufacturing process.
1. Process flow design
(1) Basic concepts of process flow (production process flow, processing process flow, processing process flow)
(2) Basis, procedures and main problems of process planning and design (main problems of process planning and design based on process planning and design)
(3) product structure process review (the object of product structure process review, the purpose of product structure process review, the main factors that should be considered in product structure process review)
(4) Selection of positioning datum (selection of fine datum of datum concept, selection of coarse datum)
(5) Process route design (selection of surface processing methods, division of processing stages, arrangement of processing sequence, and reasonable combination of working procedures)
(6) Determination of machining allowance (concept of machining allowance, factors affecting machining allowance, and determination method of machining allowance)
(7) Process dimension calculation (basic concept of process dimension chain, graphic calculation method for solving basic process dimension chain)
(8) Technical and economic analysis of process plan (evaluation principle of process plan, analysis and comparison of process plan)
(9) Typical parts process design examples (box parts processing technology, spindle processing technology, cylindrical gear processing technology)
2. Design and manufacture of process equipment
(1) process equipment and its type (process equipment type)
(2) Basis for selecting process equipment (process plan, process specification, process requirements and equipment, existing process equipment conditions of this enterprise, standards of various process equipment, order manuals, atlas and operation instructions, etc.). )
(3) Selection and design principles of process equipment
(4) Process equipment selection procedure
(5) Process equipment design program
(6) Technical and economic evaluation index of process equipment design (or type selection)
(7) Verification of process equipment (purpose, scope and main contents of verification of process equipment)
3. Workshop graphic design
(1) Layout principle of workshop production equipment
(2) Product category and output analysis (grouping (or unit) equipment arrangement scheme and type (or specialized) equipment arrangement scheme by product (or assembly line or production line))
(3) Workshop equipment layout (cluster layout and assembly line layout)
4. Cutting (grinding) processing
(1) basic knowledge of cutting (grinding) (basic concepts of metal cutting rate, cutting force, cutting heat and cutting temperature, tool wear and tool durability, cutting methods and characteristics, and economic machining accuracy)
(2) Turning (commonly used turning methods, typical turning surface types, lathe types and application scope, typical turning processing (non-CNC turning methods), and new turning technologies)
(3) Milling (commonly used milling methods, typical milling surface types, milling machine types and application scope, ultra-precision milling of typical parts surfaces)
(4) Grinding (commonly used grinding methods, typical grinding surface types, main grinding machine types and application scope, typical parts surface grinding)
(5) Factors affecting cutting (grinding) quality and improvement measures (process system factors, process factors and environmental factors, principles and measures to improve cutting quality)
(6) Selection of cutting parameters
(7) Fixture for cutting (machine tool fixture tool)
5. Special treatment
(1) Special processing methods and characteristics
(2) EDM (EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM-EDM
(3)WEDM(WEDM features) WEDM process The main process quality indicators of WEDM equipment affect the process economy.
(4) Laser processing (principle, characteristics and classification of laser processing equipment, laser drilling and laser cutting)
(5) Ultrasonic machining (the principle and characteristics of ultrasonic machining, ultrasonic machining equipment, ultrasonic machining process parameters and their influencing factors, and the application of ultrasonic machining).
cast
(1) Foundry and its characteristics (Foundry technology foundation Foundry technology design Foundry technology document)
(2) Sand casting (molding materials, iron castings, steel castings, copper and aluminum alloy castings)
(3) Permanent mold casting (copper alloy casting and aluminum alloy casting)
(4) Die casting (die casting alloy die casting machine)
(5) Investment casting (investment casting structure, investment casting process parameters, characteristics and application of shell)
(6) Casting process equipment (pattern template core box sand box)
7. Pressure processing
(1) pressure machining and its classification (meaning and characteristics of pressure machining, classification and application of pressure machining)
(2) Forging (free forging die forging)
(3) Stamping (characteristics of stamping process classification and application requirements of stamping process)
(4) Factors affecting the quality of forgings and measures to improve the quality.
(5) Pressure processing technology and equipment (stamping die design, hot forging die design, tire die structure design, rapid and economical die making technology)
8. Welding
(1) welding method and characteristics (arc welding power source based on fusion welding process and its characteristic welding process)
(2) Arc welding (manual arc welding and submerged arc welding of its equipment)
(3) argon arc welding
(4) Gas welding (selection of gas welding process parameters for gas welding and gas cutting equipment)
(5) Welding process equipment (welding manipulator of welding fixture welding auxiliary processing device)
9. Surface treatment
(1) Characteristics and classification of surface treatment (classification of surface treatment characteristics and surface engineering technology)
(2) coating technology (coating technology and equipment of coating materials, coating drying, coating quality evaluation of typical products)
(3) Thermal spraying technology (classification of common thermal spraying technology and characteristics of thermal spraying technology), thermal spraying process flow, thermal spraying process method, application of thermal spraying materials and thermal spraying technology, and quality evaluation of thermal spraying coating.
(4) Electroplating (implementation of electroplating, factors affecting the quality of electroplating process, types of electroplating and quality evaluation of applied electroplating layer).
10. Assembly
(1) Basic knowledge (assembly, parts assembly, assembly unit, benchmark parts and benchmark components, main factors affecting the assembly quality of benchmark parts)
(2) Assembly dimension chain and assembly method (assembly dimension chain assembly method)
(3) Types and selection of assembly methods (complete interchange assembly method, partial interchange assembly method (also called large number interchange assembly method), selective assembly method, repair assembly method and adjustment assembly method).
(4) Typical parts assembly (rolling bearing parts assembly, cylindrical gear transmission parts assembly)
Verb (short for verb) Management/Economy
1. Safety/environmental protection
(1) Equipment maintenance (maintenance) and safe operation (safety technology for equipment maintenance (maintenance) of processing and hoisting machinery, CNC machine tools and automatic production lines)
(2) Common labor safety and health measures (fire prevention, explosion prevention, electric shock prevention and static noise prevention)
(3) Environmental protection (introduction of environmental protection laws, regulations and standards for industrial waste gas, waste water, solid waste and their treatment technologies, ISO 14000 series standards for environmental management of cleaner production)
2. Moral and legal knowledge related to occupation.
(1) Basic civic morality
(2) the main content of civic moral construction
(3) Professional Ethics of Mechanical Engineers
(4) fiscal and taxation system (basic accounting system, three forms of fiscal taxes and tax rates)
(5) Intellectual Property Law (Basic Knowledge Patent Law Trademark Law Anti-unfair Competition Law)
(6) Laws related to modern enterprise system (company law, contract law, bidding law, production license system)
(7) WTO rules and government industrial policies (history and China's commitment, basic principles of WTO, four purposes of WTO, countervailing and anti-dumping and the influence of China's entry into WTO).
3. Engineering economy
(1) Basic concepts of economics (demand, supply, supply-demand balance, market economy, command economy and mixed economy)
(2) cost analysis (cost classification-the relationship between cost and profit-cost-profit analysis)
(3) Value engineering (basic concept of value engineering, basic procedures for implementing value engineering, product function analysis and product function evaluation, proposing improvement ideas, analyzing and evaluating schemes, and testing, inspecting and evaluating effects).
manage
(1) Basic functions of management (importance of management and nature of work)
(2) Modern enterprise system (separation of ownership and management right, corporate property organization and corporate governance structure)
(3) productivity analysis and improvement (proficiency curve of productivity method research time)
(4) Logistics foundation (the basic concept of logistics and its system, the characteristics of common material handling equipment in the logistics system of manufacturing enterprises and the choice of supply chain and supply chain management)
(5) Site management (5S venue management)
5. Management innovation
(1) the transformation of manufacturing mode and advanced manufacturing mode (the manufacturing mode starts from mass production, group technology, numerical control technology and unit manufacturing-the solution of multi-variety batch production, the contemporary advanced manufacturing mode)
②MRP/MRPⅱ/ERP(MRP MRPⅱERP)
(3) Lean production (JIT production kanban management)
(4) Project management (project and project management concept, three elements of project management and the process and content of target project management)
(5) Agile manufacturing (background of agile manufacturing strategy, basic concepts of agile manufacturing strategy, cases of agile enterprises).
Quality management/quality control of intransitive verbs
1. Quality management/quality assurance
(1) quality/product quality (quality defines product quality and quality characteristics, product quality formation and quality functions and responsibilities)
(2) Quality management and total quality management (meaning, development, characteristics and basic work of total quality management)
(3)ISO 9000 family standards and quality system (generation and development of ISO 9000 family standards, composition of ISO 9000 family standards, content quality assurance and quality system establishment)
(4) Quality certification (quality certification type, product quality certification and quality system certification)
2. Process quality control
(1) quality control concept
(2) Basic tools for process quality control (statistical analysis table Pareto diagram causality diagram)
(3) Statistical process control tools (histogram process capability and process capability index Cp control chart)
(4) Correlation analysis (the application of correlation diagram (scatter diagram) method regression equation method correlation analysis in quality control)
3. Measurement and testing
(1) Measurement and testing in product manufacturing
(2) Geometric measurement (measuring instruments for measuring reference length, angle measuring instruments and shape measuring instruments)
(3) Measurement of mechanical quantities (force and weight measurement, torque measurement, displacement measurement, rotational speed measurement, vibration measurement).
(4) Measurement of other physical quantities (temperature measurement, pressure measurement and noise measurement)
Seven, computer applications
Basic knowledge of computer application.
(1) Composition and types of microcomputers
(2) Structure and performance characteristics of common microcomputers (structure and performance characteristics of sixteen-bit microcomputers (8086/8088CPU) and eight-bit microcomputers (Z80CPU)).
(3) Selection principle of microcomputer software and hardware.
2. Computer simulation
Basic concepts of (1) simulation
(2) The development and significance of computer simulation.
(3) The general process of computer simulation
(4) The application of simulation in CAD/CAPP/CAM system.
3. Computer numerical control
(1) Fundamentals of NC programming (content and steps of NC machining programming, general program format and typical program code)
(2) CNC programming methods (manual programming and automatic programming, for example, manual programming, programming language methods, automatic programming processes and APT programming simple general program formats)
(3) Linear interpolation and circular interpolation
4.CAD/CAPP/CAM/CAE
Basic concepts of (1)CAD/CAPP/CAM
(2) Basic functions and workflow of CAD/CAPP/CAM.
(3) Computer Aided Design
(4) Computer Aided Process Design
(5) Computer Aided Manufacturing
(6) Application of CAD/CAPP/CAM.
(7) Computer Aided Engineering -CAE.
Eight, machinery manufacturing automation
1. Development of mechanical manufacturing automation and its technical content classification
2. Processing automation (equipment automation)
(1) Rigid automatic processing equipment (ordinary automatic machine tool assembly rigid automatic line)
(2) Flexible automatic processing equipment (CNC machine tool processing center)
3. Logistics automation
(1) logistics concept and function
(2) Classification of logistics automation equipment (loading/unloading automation equipment, transmission/handling automation equipment, warehousing automation equipment)
4. Information flow automation
(1) information meaning and information flow/information system
(2) Information sources
(3) Information collection/input
(4) Information processing
(5) Information transmission and communication
(6) Information storage
5. Management automation
(1) management meaning and its automation basis
(2) Multidrug resistance related protein Ⅱ
6. General mechanical manufacturing flexible automation system
(1)DNC system
(2) Flexible machining unit
(3) Flexible Automatic Line (FTL)
(4) Flexible manufacturing system
(5) Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS)
Ⅲ. Relevant regulations and explanations
First, the examination form
The mechanical engineer qualification examination is divided into two units, both written.
The examination time of the first unit is 3 hours. All candidates are required to answer in the examination paper. Candidates should bring calculators, triangles and compasses.
The examination time of Unit 2 is 2 hours. The test paper contains mandatory questions and multiple-choice questions. Candidates can bring "Mechanical Engineer Qualification Examination Guide", calculator, triangle and compass.
The full score of the first unit is 120, and the full score of the second unit is 80. The sum of the full marks of the two units is 200, and 120 is the passing mark.
Second, the principle of proposition
1. The proposition is based on this outline.
2. The examination proposition covers all the examination contents specified in this syllabus, and highlights the key contents appropriately to increase the coverage density of key contents. The key contents of this outline are design/manufacturing and management/economy (including quality management).
3. Strengthen the assessment of application ability, that is, pay attention to the assessment of candidates' ability to analyze and solve practical problems by using what they have learned, with emphasis on applied and practical problems.
4. The test questions are multiple choice questions, simple application questions and comprehensive application questions. The first unit test paper contains 80 multiple-choice questions and 40 simple application questions, with a full score of120; The second unit test paper contains 40 simple application questions (which candidates must answer) and 40 comprehensive application questions (which candidates choose to answer), with a full score of 80. The comprehensive application problem will revolve around two propositions: design/manufacturing and management/economy.
5. Multiple-choice questions mainly examine the basic knowledge and skills at three levels: understanding, familiarity and mastery; Application questions mainly examine the basic ability of candidates to analyze, discuss, calculate, draw and simply design tasks by using "familiar" and "mastered" knowledge.
6. Reasonably arrange questions with different difficulty levels in the test paper. The score ratio of different difficulty (easy, easy, difficult and difficult) questions in each test paper is generally 2: 3: 3: 2.
Three. Tutoring materials and reference books
Guide to Qualification Examination of Technical Qualification Certification Center for Mechanical Engineers of China Mechanical Engineering Society
Continuing education series of mechanical engineer college
Teaching materials for undergraduates majoring in mechanical manufacturing and automation, industrial engineering and management engineering.
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Ⅳ. Sample questions and examples
First unit
First, multiple choice questions
1. Engineering plastics with the best plasticity, high tensile strength, high elongation and minimal deformation are suitable for products that need to be injected into molds.
A) polycarbonate b) polystyrene c) phenolic plastic d) epoxy resin
2. The riser in the mold is designed as follows
A) Help to fix the lifting mould b) and the upper mould box.
C) Strengthening the draft angle d) Supplementing metal when the casting is cooled.
Second, simple application questions
The following steps are the basic methods for compiling the processing technology of general parts, namely: process analysis, blank selection, machine tools for each process, machining allowance for each process, process card compilation, process sequence compilation and technical requirements analysis. Please arrange them in a reasonable order and briefly explain the work.
Second unit
First, a simple application problem.
1. The following figure shows the piston supported on the threaded end cover. Try to analyze the existing problems and how to improve them (draw an improvement diagram).
Second, comprehensive application questions
1. Gear is the most commonly used transmission part in the machine, which generally requires stable transmission, high strength, deep hardened layer, wear resistance and stable size. If cylindrical gears are produced in batches, what materials should be used, how to make blanks, and what should be the whole technological process (including cold and hot machining)? Why?
2. It is required to process the size of a part, that is, 50 samples are processed on a common lathe, and the obtained sizes are shown in the table: