"Looking at the Mountains" Translated by Du Fu:

How is the beauty of Dongyue Mount Tai? Walking out of Qilu, the mountain scenery is still vivid in my mind.

The magical nature brings together thousands of beautiful scenery, with mountains to the south and mountains to the north, distinguishing morning and dusk.

Layers of white clouds wash away the ravines in the chest; returning birds fly into the eye sockets to enjoy the scenery.

You must climb to the top of Mount Tai to overlook the mountains and feel full of pride.

Appreciation:

This poem is a work of Du Fu's youth, full of romance and passion of the poet's youth. There is not a word "wang" in the whole poem, but the writing closely revolves around the word "wang" in the title of the poem "Wang Yue", from far to near, then to gaze, and finally to looking down. The poet described the majestic atmosphere of Mount Tai, expressed his courage to climb, and his ambition to be proud of everything, and was filled with vigorous and upward vitality.

The first sentence "How is Mr. Dai Zong?" It describes the excitement, wonder and admiration that I felt when I first saw Mount Tai. I was so happy that I didn't know how to describe it. It is very expressive. Dai is the alias of Mount Tai. Because it ranks first among the five mountains, it is revered as the Dai Zong. "How is your husband?" means "How is your husband?" The word "husband" is usually used as a modal particle at the beginning of a sentence in ancient Chinese prose. It is a new creation and unique to incorporate it into the poem here. Although the word "husband" has no real meaning, it is indispensable. The so-called "lifelike portrayal is in Adu". It can be described as unique ingenuity.

The next sentence "Qilu is still young" is the answer obtained after some speculation. It does not simply describe the height of Mount Tai from the perspective of altitude, nor does it use general language such as "Cui Xi stabs the sky" like Xie Lingyun's "Taishan Yin", but writes his own experience ingeniously - in ancient Qilu Beyond the borders of the two major countries, you can still see Mount Tai, which lies far across there. The distance highlights the height of Mount Tai. Lu is to the south of Mount Tai, and Qi is to the north of Mount Tai. Therefore, the geographical features described in this sentence cannot be appropriated when writing about other mountains. Mo Ruzhong of the Ming Dynasty specifically mentioned this poem in his "Dengdong County Wangyue Tower" and believed that no one could succeed.

The two sentences "The clock of creation is beautiful, and the yin and yang cut off the dusk" describe the magical beauty and majestic image of Mount Tai seen in the near view. They are a footnote to the previous sentence "The green is not over". A word "clock" brings everything in the world to life. The whole nature is so affectionate, giving both magic and beauty to Mount Tai. The side facing the sun in front of the mountain is called "yang", and the side behind the mountain facing away from the sun is called "yin" (the south of the mountain and the north of the water are called "yang", and the north of the mountain and the south of the water are called yin). Due to the high mountain, the dusk and dawn of the sky are cut off from the mountain. The yin and yang sides, so it is said to be "cut off the dawn". This is a very normal natural phenomenon, but the poet used the word "cut" to describe the dominant power of the tall Mount Tai. This power is nothing else. Mount Tai cuts off the sunlight in the south and north of the mountain with its height. , forming different landscapes, highlighting the image of Mount Tai blocking the sky and the sun. The poet's use of pen here makes the still Mount Tai suddenly full of majestic power, and the creative style of "not surprising without words" is also revealed here.

The two sentences "The breasts are filled with clouds, and the birds returning from the canthus" are written about looking closely. Seeing the endless clouds in the mountains, my heart is also rippling. The word "Jue Canth" is particularly expressive, vividly reflecting that the poet was fascinated by this magical and ethereal landscape, and wanted to see it all clearly, so he opened his eyes as hard as he could and looked around, so I felt like my eyes were cracking. This scene makes the charming scenery of Mount Tai more vivid. "Returning bird" is a bird that returns to its nest in the forest. It can be seen that it is already dusk, but the poet is still looking at it. It contains the poet's love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland and his praise for the mountains and rivers of the motherland.

The two sentences in the last sentence, "I will be at the top of the mountain, and I can see all the small mountains." It is written that the poet came up with the idea of ????climbing the mountain from Wangyue. This couplet is Jue Sheng, which once again highlights the height of Mount Tai. , writes the majestic posture and momentum of looking at everything, and also shows the poet's ambition. "Huidang" is a Chinese colloquialism, which means "must". If "hui dang" is interpreted as "should", it will be inaccurate and dull. The comparison between the small mountains and the tall Mount Tai shows the poet's ambition and spirit of not being afraid of difficulties, daring to climb to the top, and overlooking everything. This is the key to Du Fu becoming a great poet, and it is also indispensable for all people who make a difference. This is why these two poems have always been recited by people. Precisely because the loftiness and greatness of Mount Tai is not only natural but also humanistic, the desire to climb to the top of course itself has a double meaning.

The whole poem is unified by the word "Wang" in the title of the poem. Every sentence is written about looking at the mountains, but there is no word "Wang" in the whole poem, which can give people a sense of immersiveness. , it can be seen that the poet's layout and artistic conception are exquisite and wonderful. Although this poem has far-reaching sustenance, throughout the whole poem there is only the excitement of visiting famous mountains, and there is no trace of deliberate comparison. In terms of majestic Qi and bones, and powerful physical strength, it is difficult for subsequent works to match it.

Original text:

How is Dai Zongfu? Qilu is still young.

The clock of creation is beautiful, and the yin and yang cut off the dawn.

Zeng Yun is born in the chest, and the returning bird enters the canthus.

You will be at the top of the mountain, and you will have a panoramic view of the mountains.

Notes:

1. Daizong: Mount Tai is also called Daishan or Daiyue, the first of the five mountains, located in the north of Tai'an City, Shandong Province today. In ancient times, Mount Tai was the first of the Five Mountains, and the mountains were the ancestral link, so it was also called "Daizong". All the emperors of the past dynasties held their Zen ceremonies at this mountain, which refers to the honorific title for Mount Tai. Husband: pronounce "fú". The first word of the sentence has no real meaning, and the modal particle emphasizes the interrogative tone. How: How.

2. Qi and Lu: In ancient times, Qi and Lu were bounded by Mount Tai, with Qi in the north and Lu in the south. They were originally the names of two countries in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. They were located in present-day Shandong. Later, Qilu was used to refer to the Shandong area. 青不了: refers to the boundless green mountains, which are so vast that it is difficult to describe. Qing: refers to the beautiful green mountain color. Unfinished: endless, continuous.

3. Creation: nature. Bell: Gather. Shenxiu: the aura of heaven and earth, magical and beautiful.

4. Yin and Yang: Yin refers to the north of the mountain, and yang refers to the south of the mountain. This refers to the north and south of Mount Tai. Cut: divide. An exaggeration. This sentence means that Mount Tai is very high. At the same time, the south and north of the mountain are completely different from morning to night. Dusk: dusk and morning. It is said that Mount Tai is so high, the difference between the south and the north is like dawn and dusk, the light and darkness are completely different.

5. Chest swinging: mind swinging. Zeng: Same as "layer", overlapping.

6. Jue Canthus (zì): Canthus: eye socket. The eye sockets are (almost) bursting. This is caused by trying to open your eyes wide to see the returning birds entering the mountains. Jue: split. Into: Into the fundus of your eyes, that is, you can see.

7. Will do it: finally do it, definitely do it. Ling: Get on board. Ling Jueding means reaching the highest peak.

8. Small: The conative usage of the adjective means "taking... as small, thinking that... is small".

Creative background:

In the twenty-third year of Kaiyuan (735) of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the poet went to Luoyang to apply for Jinshi, but failed and returned. In the twenty-fourth year of Kaiyuan (736), the poet The four-year-old poet began to live an uninhibited wandering life. The author traveled north to Qi and Zhao (today's Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other places), and this poem was written during his wandering.

About the author:

Du Fu (712-770), courtesy name Zimei, self-named Shaoling Yelao, known as "Du Gongbu", "Du Shaoling", etc., Han nationality, Henan A native of Fugong County (now Gongyi City, Henan Province), Du Fu was a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu was revered as the "Sage of Poetry" by the world, and his poems were called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are collectively known as "Li Du". In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, known as "Little Li Du", Du Fu and Li Bai are also collectively known as "Big Li Du". He was concerned about the country and the people, and had a noble personality. About 1,400 of his poems have been preserved. His poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766, and is commemorated by Du Fu's Thatched Cottage in later generations.