1. Historical records of fishing nets

Poetry No. 10 of "Pastoral Excitement in Four Seasons" by Fan Chengda of the Song Dynasty: "thorn needles have been inserted into the bamboo shoot paths, and fishing nets have been laid to cover the cherries." "Manuscripts of the History of the Qing Dynasty·Xunli Biography III·Yao Jianzhi": "One day, Tu met a man with a gun, walking in a group. When he saw the official arriving, he found that there was no water in the water, so he ordered him to take it with a fishing net." Yan Chen's poem "Qingqi": "The moon shed a clear light, and the sisters had already hung up the fishing nets to dry." 2. Development of fishing nets

Ancient people used coarse cloth and linen as raw materials, and made fish nets by bundling and rolling them. Although this kind of fishing net is perishable and has poor toughness, its fishing efficiency has been greatly improved. With the development of fisheries, the objects of fishing and hunting are not only fish, but also the fishing tools have kept pace with the times. Modern fishing nets are mainly processed from polyethylene, nylon and other raw materials. It has a longer service life and higher fishing efficiency, and is classified according to different usage methods. For example, traditional fishing uses cast nets (hand nets, hand throw nets), trawl nets that use ships as power, gill nets with different mesh sizes to trap fish (triple nets, seine nets), etc. These nets are woven with meshes of different sizes and wires of different materials for different fishing objects. At the same time, as fishing nets developed, various fishing equipment also emerged, such as fishing cages, four-corner nets, etc., which are commonly used fishing tools. 3. Ask for the development history of fishing gear

As early as the Paleolithic Age, humans used natural branch hooks, antlers, pig teeth, stones, etc. to make primitive fishing gear to catch fish and shellfish in rivers and lakes. More than 6,000 years ago, bone harpoons, hooks, spearheads, darts, etc. appeared in fishing tackle shops in China. Copper fishing hooks appeared more than 3,000 years ago. In ancient oracle bone inscriptions, there are hieroglyphs for fishing with poles and nets; in the "Book of Changes·Xici" there is a record of "tying ropes to make a net, and using tenancy to fish". Lu Guimeng of the Tang Dynasty described and distinguished the fishing gear and fishing methods at that time in detail in his "Preface to Fishing Gear Poems". Today's popular fishing gear and fishing methods were produced and developed in the past two to three hundred years, such as long strip-shaped gill nets and seine nets, bag-shaped trawl nets and fixed nets, and various forms of fishing gear. It develops from small and simple to large and complex, and extends from coastal operations to deep ocean operations. Fishing gear materials have also been replaced by synthetic fibers and plastics. Since the 1950s, the world's fishing gear has gradually become modernized.

Fishing gear is divided into 4 types according to structural characteristics and operating principles.

① Net fishing gear

More than 80% of the aquatic products caught using net fishing gear in the world account for the total catch. Net fishing gear consists of nets, ropes, floats, sinkers, etc. According to different fishing objects and operating methods, fishing gear is divided into nine categories: gillnets, seine nets, trawl nets, stretch nets, large drag nets, spread nets, dip nets, cover nets, and traps.

② Fishing gear

Usually consists of fishing hooks, bait, fishing lines, etc., and some are also equipped with floats, sinkers, fishing rods or other accessories. The fishing hook is the part that is tied to the fishing line and acts as a barb. It is divided into two types: inverted tooth structure and non-inverted tooth structure. The choice of bait is often the key to the success or failure of a good catch, and it can be divided into two types: real bait and artificial bait. Real bait can be divided into animal bait and plant bait according to different sources. In marine fishing, animal baits such as fish, cephalopods, and crustaceans are generally used; in fresh water, earthworms and insects are mainly used. Plant-based bait is used to trap freshwater fish, mainly using rice, wheat, sweet potato and other products. Lures are made of feathers, cloth, rubber, wood, metal and plastic. Disguise it as an animal bait that is loved by fishing targets, or make other lures that are enough to prevent the fish's predatory reaction.

③Rake type

Fishing gear with raking, thrusting and other properties. The former is a rake with sharp teeth and claws, which is used to dig up and capture fishing objects hidden in the muddy bottom; the latter includes darts, cannon saws, long-handled hooks and other projectiles and empty hooks, etc., which are aimed at the captured objects during operation. Capture it by entering the body, or capture it with empty hook spikes.

④Cage pots

Taking advantage of the habit of certain fishing targets to dig holes, set up cages, pots, conch shells, etc. with small holes in the waters where they often live and stay. Lure it in and capture it. Such as eel cages, shrimp cages, conch cages, etc.

4. The history of Japan’s fishery development is

Japan’s fishery development and policy orientation 1. Japan’s “21st Century New Agricultural Policy (Including Fisheries) Strategy” In early 2006, Shoichi Nakagawa (hereinafter referred to as “Nakagawa”) took office in Japan After becoming the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, under the guidance of the "Global Strategy" planned by Koizumi ***, the "21st Century New Agricultural Policy Strategy" was formulated and launched. The slogan of the strategy is "Nakagawa Initiative: Do, Just do your best!”

Its purpose is to formulate and implement policies and measures that adapt to international economic development and the decline and aging of the domestic population; the central idea is to formulate international strategies, strengthen domestic agriculture (including fishery) systems, and improve food production. quality. Regarding the fishery development strategy in the strategy, Nakagawa recently accepted an interview with the president of the Nikkan Fisheries Economic News.

An authoritative explanation of this was given: 1. Regarding the orientation of fishery policies such as fishery structure reform, the orientation of fishery policies in the future is mainly to: carry out fishery structure reform based on resource management and environmental protection; cultivate Build the backbone of fishery talents to build an internationally competitive fishery business; Producers and consumers work together to promote the rational development of circulation and sales; Make full use of the WTO (International Trade Organization) and FTA (Free Trade Agreement) negotiation platforms , Promote the development of aquatic product trade. In 1998, Japan's self-sufficiency rate in edible aquatic products was 56%, which dropped to 50% in 2004.

In the past, Japan’s marine catch volume ranked first in the world. In recent years, due to the impact of the 200-nautical mile exclusive economic zone management system of the International Convention on the Law of the Sea and the deterioration of marine resources, the marine catch volume has continued to decline. In 2004, it dropped to 4.46 million tons, a decrease of 32.3% compared with 1994. However, Nakagawa believes that Japan has world-class aquatic high-tech and has the world’s sixth largest exclusive economic zone waters. Relying on its vast sea area and superb technology, Japan’s fishery development has great potential.

Nakagawa also emphasized that Japan’s own food, in addition to rice and sweet potatoes, is aquatic products. Ensuring the healthy development of fisheries is crucial to the livelihood of Japanese people. However, marine fishery resources are a natural biological chain, which is greatly affected by the natural environment. In the past, herring harvests in Hokkaido were so abundant that "cats ignored them"; but now herrings, sardines, etc. have become rare and noble aquatic products.

Therefore, protecting the marine environment, strengthening resource management, and ensuring the healthy development of fisheries are top priorities. 2. Regarding current work priorities In order to solve the current problems such as high fuel prices and large jellyfish disasters, Japan has taken a series of response measures.

The current work focus should be based on the international and domestic fishery situation, concentrate on revising the relevant measures formulated to achieve the goals of the "Basic Plan", fully tap the potential of fishery production and give full play to the advantages of high-tech aquatic products, and strive to improve domestic We should increase the self-sufficiency rate of aquatic products while expanding exports to promote the healthy development of aquatic product trade; we must pay attention to cultivating a group of backbone forces who can devote themselves to fishery development and create an internationally competitive fishery business entity. 3. About creating high-quality brands Starting from April 1 this year, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries launched the “Regional Product Trademark Registration System”.

At present, "Horse Mackerel" and "Mackerel" from Oita Prefecture, and "Poly Spring Fish" from Hokkaido and Mukawa have applied for trademark registration. Producers, groups and processing companies everywhere should strive to develop high-quality brand-name products.

Fisheries management should also work with supermarkets, convenience stores, etc. to develop attractive brands with high added value that are popular with consumers. 4. Regarding the WTO·FTA negotiations and aquatic product export trade, we must adopt the strategy of “maintaining what can be maintained, giving in to what can be conceded, and fighting for what can be fought for” to strategically respond to the international situation; it should be There is a sense of urgency to adjust and reform the fishery structure as soon as possible to create an internationally competitive fishery business entity.

Regarding the export trade of aquatic products, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries formulated and launched the "Five-year Export Volume Doubling Action Plan for Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries Products" focusing on promoting the export of aquatic products. Specifically, it formulated a plan to promote the export of scallops, salmon and The export of cod and other aquatic products drives the strategic plan of exporting the entire agricultural, forestry and aquatic products.

2. Implementation status of the current "Basic Plan" In June 2001, in order to clarify the concept and direction of fishery administration, Japan's *** promulgated and implemented the "Fisheries Basic Law" known as Japan's Fisheries Law. This law clarified the need to formulate a "Fisheries Basic Law" Basic Plan".

Accordingly, the "Basic Plan" was promulgated and implemented in March 2002, which established the 10-year fishery development goals from 2002 to 2012 and the basic principles for aquatic governance. The current "Basic Plan" sets fishery development goals for a 10-year period. Among them, the self-sufficiency rate for edible aquatic products should be increased to 65%~66% in 2012; however, the self-sufficiency rate has been on a downward trend since 2000, reaching 57% in 2003. %, which was 55% in 2004, and the expected production self-sufficiency rate in 2012 is 51%; the target value of fish and shellfish production in 2012 is 6.82 million tons, but the production of fish and shellfish has been on a downward trend for many years. In 2004 In 2012, it was 5.78 million tons, a decrease of 5.1% from 2003. It is estimated that the expected output in 2012 is only 5.68 million tons; the target value of edible fish and shellfish production is 5.26 million tons. Although the decline in production has eased in recent years, the estimated output is 5.78 million tons. The expected output is only 4.34 million tons; the target value of seaweed production is 670,000 tons. In recent years, its production has fluctuated greatly due to changes in the production volume of the bulk product seaweed, and has generally shown a downward trend. The estimated expected output is 650,000 tons. It is relatively close to the target value; the target value of pelagic fishery production is 790,000 tons, but the estimated expected production is only 710,000 tons, mainly due to the impact of the 200-nautical-mile exclusive economic waters management system and the strengthening of high seas fishery regulations in recent years. Overseas fishing grounds continue to decrease, and production has also been showing a downward trend. In particular, the production of pelagic bottom trawl fisheries and squid fisheries has declined significantly. The target value of offshore fishery production is 3.24 million tons. With the deterioration of mackerel and other resources, the production of large and medium-sized purse seine fisheries has been significantly reduced, with the expected production being only 2.73 million tons; the production target of coastal fisheries (excluding seaweed) is 1.7 million tons, but in the past two years due to the decline of bottom fish The resource situation has deteriorated. Although the production volume of the salmon set-net fishery has increased slightly, the production volume is still on a downward trend. The expected production volume is about 1.41 million tons; the production target value of the marine aquaculture industry (excluding seaweed) is 780,000 tons. , fish breeding industry production in recent years. 5. How did Sanyu.com develop?

Now that more people are paying attention to the industry, it is actually at a higher point, so it is easy to encounter bottlenecks.

However, most industries have not yet reached the bottleneck period, especially the more basic industries, such as the service industry, food, medicine, etc. There is a market for industries with demand, no matter how they change. Nowadays, many practitioners indeed feel that they are struggling. In fact, all industries are saturated. How to grow and thrive in adversity mainly requires oneself to be strong and continuously strengthen oneself in terms of service, management, and content, so as to have a solid foundation. Finally, if you are not afraid of competition or comparison, then you can swim against the tide no matter what industry you are in.

Of course, the more popular industries nowadays are more focused on design and service industries, focusing on experience, caring about customers' feelings, and spreading word-of-mouth. Many design industries have emerged accordingly, and personalized products are also more popular, as well as traditional handicrafts.

If you have certain skills, you will be more popular in the market competition. After all, with the development of network technology, people have more choices, which is naturally good. 6. The history of fishery development in Japan is

Current status of fishery development in Japan (1) History of fishery development in Japan Japan is one of the countries with the most developed fisheries in the world and attaches great importance to fisheries.

Affected by the Kuroshio Current and other factors, Japan’s fishing grounds have become one of the three largest fishing grounds in the world, with abundant fish resources. Aquatic products play an important role in the Japanese diet. Fish is an indispensable food in the dietary life of all Japanese people, accounting for more than 40% of the per capita animal protein intake in Japan.

Since the 1960s, Japan’s fishery production has increased significantly, especially the offshore fishery production has grown rapidly, and offshore fisheries have also increased. However, with the implementation of the 200-nautical-mile exclusive economic zone system, Japan’s fishery production has increased significantly. The oil crisis that broke out in 1973 dealt a heavy blow to the offshore fishery.

From the 1970s to the 1980s, offshore fisheries began to grow and gradually became the focus of Japan's fishery industry.

In recent years, Japan has vigorously developed aquaculture, but fishery production is still showing a gradual downward trend. Japan's fishery production reached its peak in 1984 at 12.82 million tons.

Due to the decline of resources and the reduction and aging of employees, fishery output has been declining continuously since 1989. By 2002, the total fishery output dropped to 5.88 million tons, and the total fishery output value was 1,875.3 billion yen; in 2004, the total output It is 5.78 million tons and the total output value is 1.6036 billion yen. In 2005, the total fishery output dropped to 5.719 million tons, the lowest output since 1999, and the fishery production value was 1.6007 billion yen, a decrease of 2.9 billion yen from the previous year.

In the 30 years from 1960 to 1990, Japan's imports of aquatic products increased by approximately 36 times. According to FAO statistics, in 2003, the top five global aquatic product imports were Japan with 3.21 million tons, China with 2.32 million tons, the United States with 2.24 million tons, Spain with 1.61 million tons, and Denmark with 1.6 million tons; the top five exporters were The top places are Norway with 2.14 million tons, China with 2.08 million tons, Peru with 1.72 million tons, Thailand with 1.4 million tons, and the United States with 1.31 million tons (Japan ranks 24th with 360,000 tons).

In 2003, the top five countries in the world in terms of import volume were Japan with US$12.624 billion, the United States with US$11.758 billion, Spain with US$4.919 billion, France with US$3.803 billion, and Italy with US$3.571 billion. The top five countries in terms of export value were China with US$5.362 billion, Thailand with US$3.920 billion, Norway with US$3.669 billion, the United States with US$3.458 billion, and Canada with US$3.318 billion (Japan ranked 22nd with US$952 million).

(2) Status of Japan’s fishery industry 1. Fishing and aquaculture Japan customarily divides fishery production into ocean fishing (including ocean fisheries, offshore fisheries, and coastal fisheries, which is actually roughly equivalent to the ocean in my country’s fishery classification. Capture and pelagic fisheries), marine aquaculture, freshwater aquaculture, freshwater fishing and other parts. Marine fishing has always been Japan's leading fishery industry. Despite continuous production reductions, more than 80% of production is still obtained from marine fishing.

In order of output, the main species caught are tuna, bonito, salmon trout, sardines, horse mackerel, mackerel, saury, cod, sole, squid, etc. Compared with 2004, Japan's mackerel production increased significantly in 2005, but the production of sardines, scallops, salmon, etc. decreased; the production of scallops, salmon, etc. increased, but the production of bonito, saury, and tuna, etc. The amount has decreased.

The total marine fishing output was 4.412 million tons, a decrease of 47,000 tons from the previous year; the total production was 159.4 billion yen, a decrease of 0.6% from the previous year. Japan's mariculture output has remained above 1.2 million tons in recent years. The total mariculture output in 2005 was 1.211 million t, which was a decrease of 129,000 t from the peak year of 1994, which was 1.34 million t. The total mariculture output value in 2005 was 439.2 billion yen. , an increase of 4.9 billion yen from the previous year.

Among them, fish farming was 269,000 tons (an increase of 2.7% over the previous year) and 191.8 billion yen (a decrease of 2.4% over the previous year); shellfish farming was 422,000 tons (a decrease of 6.4% over the previous year). , 77.1 billion yen (an increase of 6.4% over the previous year); seaweed 509,000 tons (an increase of 5.2% over the previous year), 121.3 billion yen (an increase of 2.4% over the previous year). The main species of marine culture are amberjack, red sea bream, Ezo scallops, oysters, kelp, wakame, nori, as well as flounder, pufferfish, horse mackerel, Japanese prawns and mother-of-pearl oysters.

In 2005, Japan's total freshwater fishing and freshwater aquaculture production was 96,000 tons, less than half of the peak production in 1979. Among them, freshwater fishing output was 54,000 tons, freshwater aquaculture output was 42,000 tons, and the total output value was 102.1 billion yen, a decrease of 1.3 billion yen from the previous year.

The main freshwater fishing species are anadromous salmon, trout, sweetfish, carp, river clams, eels, etc. The main freshwater culture species are trout, sweetfish, carp, and eel. In addition, there are For crucian carp, soft-shell turtle, etc., the output of a single species is usually less than 1,000 tons. 2. Aquatic product processing and consumption Japan’s aquatic product processing products mainly include salt collection, dried products, fish condiments, frozen foods, oils and fertilizers, frozen fresh products, canned products, etc.

The total food processing volume in 2005 was 2.095 million tons, a decrease of 39,000 tons compared with the previous year. The processing capacity of the main products is 209,000 tons of salt collection, 334,000 tons of dried products, 655,000 tons of fish condiments, 286,000 tons of frozen food, 1.625 million tons of frozen fresh products, and 484,000 tons of other edible processed products.

Compared with the previous year, in 2005, except for the slight increase in the processing volume of dry products, the processing volume of other frozen foods, salt products and seasoning foods decreased to varying degrees. Japan is a major consumer of aquatic products. In 2004, domestic consumption of aquatic products was 10.48 million tons, a decrease of 5% from the previous year.

Among them, the consumption of edible aquatic products accounts for 80%, which is equivalent to approximately 62.7kg per person per year. If the inedible part is removed, approximately 34.5kg is consumed per person per year.

In 2004, Japan's self-sufficiency rate in edible aquatic products was 55%, lower than 57% in 2003. This was mainly due to the decrease in domestic fishery production and the increase in imports. According to statistics, the seaweed self-sufficiency rate in 2005 was 65%.

3. Aquatic products circulation and market Japan has 203 main producing fishing ports. The total water production in 2005 was about 2.887 million tons, which was roughly the same as the previous year. The total water production was 525.5 billion yen, which was 525.5 billion yen, which was 525.5 billion yen. Reduced by approximately 4%. There are 6 fishing ports with a water capacity of more than 100,000 tons, including Yaizu with 229,000 tons, Choshi with 215,000 tons, Ishinomaki with 158,000 tons, Hachinohe with 149,000 tons, Kushiro with 119,000 tons, and Kesennuma with 116,000 tons. Ports with larger water volumes include Matsuura, Sakai, Hasaki and Makurazaki.

Currently, there are about 900 origin markets in Japan, and both the circulation volume and the amount are decreasing. In response to the situation that the trading volume of the small-scale market is too small and the market function cannot be exerted, Japan formulated and announced the "Related Guidelines for the Comprehensive and Operational Rationalization of the Aquatic Products Producing Area Market" in March 2001. 7. How ancient fishing nets were made

The materials and preparation of ancient fishing nets are explained as follows: 1. The material of ancient fishing nets: Ancient people used coarse cloth and linen as raw materials, and rolled them together. Made into fishnets.

Although this kind of fishing net is perishable and has poor toughness, its fishing efficiency has been greatly improved. With the development of fisheries, the objects of fishing and hunting are not only fish, but also the fishing tools have kept pace with the times.

2. Ancient fishing net weaving method: Knotting method: It is a traditional method of making fishing nets. The fishing net is knotted with warp threads and weft threads in the shuttle. The size of the knot is 4 times the diameter of the net rope, which protrudes. On the plane of the net. This kind of net is called a knotted net.

The nodules collide with the fish and the side of the boat when the net is raised, which not only injures the fish but also causes the net gear to wear. Moreover, because the chemical fiber is smooth and elastic, it can easily cause problems such as loosening of the nodules and uneven mesh. 8. About the history of paper

Invention of paper: Cai Lun used bark, hemp heads, rags, and waste fish nets as raw materials to successfully create a paper based on the use of waste silk and cotton by his predecessors. Lightweight and economical paper, a relatively complete papermaking method has been summarized, which has made great progress in papermaking technology.

In 105 AD (the first year of Yuanxing, the reign of Hanhe Emperor Liu Zhao), Cai Lun presented the paper he made to the court, which was praised by the emperor. From then on, people used this kind of paper, and the paper made by Cai Lun was known throughout the country as "Caihou paper".

The story of paper: In the 8th century AD, paper was widely used in our country. In the following centuries, our country exported paper to various places in Asia and strictly kept the secret of paper making. Papermaking was introduced to Japan via Korea in the 7th century.

In 751 AD, the Tang Dynasty and the Japanese Empire clashed, and the Japanese captured several Chinese paper craftsmen. It didn’t take long for the paper industry to spring up in Samarkand and Baghdad.

In this way, papermaking technology gradually spread throughout the Japanese world, where paper began to be widely used, and later spread to North America and Europe through Japanese countries. According to historical records, the first paper mill was not built in Europe until more than 1,000 years after Cai Lun invented papermaking.

Although the modern papermaking industry has been very developed, its basic principles are still the same as Cai Lun's papermaking method. Seventy-eight tenths of the raw materials for papermaking have been replaced by wood pulp, but the raw materials used to make high-grade printing paper, cigarette paper, rice paper and typing wax paper are still rags, bark, hemp heads, waste fishnets and other materials used by Cai Lun.

History of the development of paper: The production of paper began in the Western Han Dynasty, and paper was widely spread during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Widely used by people, papermaking technology further improved.

The raw materials for papermaking are also diverse. There are many types of paper, such as bamboo curtain paper, rattan paper, fish egg paper... Cai Lun's papermaking has a wide range of raw materials. Paper made from rotten fishnets is called net paper, and paper made from rags. The paper is called cloth paper. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the famous rice paper was born.

(There is a legend in Xuanzhou, Anhui Province, the main producing area of ??rice paper: Kong Dan, Cai Lun’s apprentice, was engaged in papermaking in southern Anhui. He always wanted to create a particularly ideal white paper to replace his master’s rice paper. He came to paint and revise the portrait. But after many attempts, he could not get what he wanted.

Once, he happened to see some sandalwood trees falling next to a mountain stream. They were rotten and whitened by water over time. Later, he used this bark to make paper and finally succeeded.

From this, it can be concluded that the use of bark to make rice paper was more popular in the Tang Dynasty. On top of that, wax is evenly applied on the paper to make the paper shiny and beautiful, which is called hard yellow paper.

The papermaking industry continued to develop during the Five Dynasties. Chengxintang paper made in Shezhou was recognized as the best paper until the Northern Song Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the paper industry flourished and innovated again.

All kinds of paper became popular again. In terms of texture, white paper and elegant colored paper were favored. The colors were mainly bright and quiet, such as the pink wax paper in the Kangxi and Qianlong periods, printed patterns and dyed flowers. Paper, etc., the production of paper had reached a state of perfection by the Qing Dynasty. Papermaking process) Paper manufacturing process: 1: Cut down trees to make materials 2: Cut to appropriate length 3: Peel off bark 4: Cut into pieces 5: Cut into thin slices 6: Concentrate the slices and transport them to the paper mill 7 : Make pulp with liquid and steam 8: Rinse with liquid 9: Remove impurities 10: Bleaching pulp 11: Add liquid to pulp 12: Drain water with a net 13: Place on felt to absorb water 14: Dry water at high temperature 15: Calendering with a calender. 16: Making paper rolls. 9. What is the Internet?

In fact, the era of the Internet has already arrived, but it is limited to problems of connection speed and cost. Many people are not able to really make full use of and enjoy it.

Today, a variety of connection methods and increasingly faster connection speeds enable people to enjoy the impact of Broadband Networking and its impact on our lives, studies, and work. The impact of this method allows us to truly live, work and enjoy our lives in a broadband era! Before learning about broadband networks, it is necessary for us to understand the development history of the network, which will be of great benefit to our in-depth understanding and use of the network! 1. The use of Inter Inter is a method and means for computers around the world to communicate with each other. It is an information carrier and transmission system. It is a link that connects computers around the world. It is also a powerful "tool". It is the largest computer network in the world today, covering almost the entire world. It integrates news, communications, entertainment, and resource sharing, and is a highway for information exchange in modern society.

Enterprises can not only obtain a large amount of business information from the Internet, but also present themselves to the international community through the Internet. It is the computer network with the largest coverage, the most users, the richest resources, and the most practical use in the world today.

The information content of the Internet is very huge. We can not only regard it as a computer network, but also regard it as a huge, practical and enjoyable information source. We also hope that you will understand the Internet as a society for all living beings. Millions of people around the world can use the Internet to communicate and share information sources.

You can send or receive e-mail communications; you can connect with others and request information from each other; you can post announcements online to promote your information; you can participate in various focus group discussions; you can enjoy a lot of information for free sources and software resources. 2. A brief history of the development of the Internet. Within more than ten years after the world's first electronic computer came out in 1946, the number of computers was very small due to its high price.

The so-called computer network in the early days was mainly created to solve this contradiction. Its form was to directly connect a computer to several terminals through communication lines. We can also think of this method as The simplest prototype of a local area network. The earliest Inter was established by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA).

Many concepts and methods of modern computer networks, such as packet switching technology, come from ARPA. ARPA not only conducted research on packet switching technology for leased line interconnection, but also conducted research on packet switching technology for wireless and satellite networks - the results of which led to the advent of TCP/IP.

From 1977 to 1979, ARPA introduced the TCP/IP architecture and protocol in its current form. Around 1980, all computers on ARPA began to convert the TCP/IP protocol, and the initial Internet was established with ARPA as the backbone network.

In 1983, all ARPA computers completed the conversion to TCP/IP and implemented TCP/IP on UNIX (BSD4.1). ARPA's greatest technical contribution is the development and application of the TCP/IP protocol.

In 1985, the U.S. National Science Foundation NSF used the TCP/IP protocol to interconnect six supercomputer centers serving scientific research and education distributed across the United States and support regional networks to form NSF. In 1986, NSF replaced ARPA as the backbone network of the Internet.

Inter began to open to the outside world in 1988. In June 1991, among the computers connected to the Internet, commercial users exceeded academic users for the first time. This was a milestone in the history of the development of the Internet. From then on, the growth rate of the Internet was out of control.

3. Inter in China 1. Staged development of Inter The development process of Inter in China can be roughly divided into three stages: The first stage is from 1987 to 1993, which is also the research and experimental stage. During this period, some scientific research departments and universities in China began to study InterInter technology and carried out scientific research projects and scientific and technological cooperation work. However, network applications at this stage were limited to small-scale email services.

The second stage is from 1994 to 1996, which is also the initial stage. In April 1994, the Zhongguancun area education and scientific research demonstration network project entered the Internet. Since then, China has been officially recognized internationally as a country with Internet.

After that, many Internet projects such as China, CER, CST, and Chinagb were launched nationwide. Internet began to enter public life and developed rapidly in China. By the end of 1996, the number of Internet users in China had reached 200,000, and the number of businesses and applications using Internet was gradually increasing.

The third stage, from 1997 to the present, is the fastest stage of Internet in my country. The number of domestic Internet users has basically maintained a growth rate of doubling every six months since 1997.

Today, the number of Internet users has exceeded 10 million. According to the statistical report released by China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC), as of June 30, 2003, the total number of Internet users in my country was 68 million.

This number increased by 8.9 million from the beginning of the year and by 22.2 million compared with the same period in 2002. China currently has five commercial Inter backbone units with independent international entrance and exit lines, as well as non-profit Inter backbone units for education, science and technology, economy and trade and other fields.

There are now more than 600 Internet Access Service Providers (ISPs), 140 of which operate across provinces. With the improvement of network infrastructure, the adoption of new technologies in user access, the diversification of access methods, and the improvement of operator service capabilities, the bottleneck problem caused by slow access network speeds will be further improved, and Internet speeds will become faster. Fast, thereby promoting more applications to be implemented online.

2. Future development focus Despite such good results, *** still laid out the future development focus of China Inter. Understanding them is very useful for our future broadband life: (1 ) Revise existing network management regulations in accordance with the "Telecommunications Regulations" and "Inter Information Service Management Measures" promulgated by the State Council, and continuously improve and formulate new regulations based on the actual development of the network; (2) Expand the scale of the network and optimize the network structure, Avoid duplication of construction and make the network develop toward comprehensive, broadband, and intelligence; (3) In terms of basic networks, competition mechanisms must be further introduced to promote prices.