1. Credit card overdraft has an interest-free period, which we can consider as a preferential policy for loan consumption, that is, a means to encourage credit card consumption, which is not contradictory to what you said about loan consumption.

2. Loan consumption is mainly used for bulk durable goods and services. In fact, these expenses can still be paid by credit card. For example, many high-value credit cards are used to buy luxury goods, such as cars, furniture, high-end watches and some collectibles.

3. About credit card overdraft 1 yuan, this is also a feature of flexible consumption of credit cards. By definition, it's also a loan, because it's still consumption first, then payment, or the bank pays you first.