First, let's talk about what they have in common. They all have the financing function of raising funds for issuers. For investors, they may bring some economic returns. Of course, risks and benefits vary from variety to variety. As far as the market is concerned, they are one of the most investment-oriented wealth management products, which can increase the variety of investment products and activate and standardize the financial market. For the government, through the introduction of monetary policy and fiscal policy, the supervision of these financial products by the regulatory authorities should be strengthened to regulate the development of the national economy.

Let's talk about bonds first: according to the different issuers, they can be divided into government bonds and corporate bonds, which is what we call national debt. As a country, bonds are generally used for financing, such as the construction of highways, railways and other large-scale infrastructure with large investment and long return period. At the same time, the construction of these projects can also increase employment, promote the consumption of building materials and other commodities and stimulate the development of the national economy. In addition, as a country that issues bonds, it also has the function of withdrawing money. When the country issues too much RMB and there is a lot of hot money in the market, it is easy to cause economic problems such as overheating and inflation. By issuing bonds, the state has recovered too much money from the market. Enterprises issue corporate bonds mainly to finance the development of enterprises, and at the same time, because bonds are issued in the name of the company, it can also increase the reputation of the company and expand its influence.

Secondly, stocks: stocks are a kind of bills guaranteed by shares issued by listed companies to raise funds. While raising funds for the company, it can also expand the company's influence and increase the company's assets and brand value through the growth of the stock price. He can also mobilize the enthusiasm of employees and promote the development of the company through the equity incentive mechanism (distributing the shares of the company to employees according to percentage, so that employees feel that the development of the company is related to their own vital interests).

Then there is futures: futures can be divided into commodity futures, stock index futures and so on. As a financial derivative developed on the basis of ordinary investment products, it can enrich the investment methods and means in the financial market. As a futures contract, it can make the company avoid the economic losses caused by the fluctuation of spot price. For example, a textile enterprise needs a large amount of cotton, but he doesn't have enough money to buy it at one time, and the storage cost of buying a large amount of cotton will cause a heavy economic burden to the enterprise, and this is exactly what futures can solve his problem, as long as he pays a certain margin to the cotton futures merchant, agrees on the trading price and quantity of cotton in the future, and pays for delivery at maturity.

Of course, due to the limitation of time and space, I just talked about their main economic functions in general. If you have any questions, please leave a message in my space and we will exchange and learn together!