The 1990s was the 30-year period of China's reform and opening up (1979-2009). It was a period when China fully contacted the international community, carried out multilateral cooperation, and assumed more international responsibilities.

1979 was the first year after the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. China’s central task began to shift from taking class struggle as the program to a track centered on economic construction. Reform and opening up had become a major issue for the Party and the Communist Party of China.

National guidelines.

The establishment of this policy has greatly promoted the development of China's relations with international organizations, and thus opened a period of China's comprehensive participation in international organizations, which is unprecedented in both breadth and depth.

As a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, China began to apply for and participate in United Nations peacekeeping affairs.

In 1988, China became a member of the Peacekeeping Operations Committee. In January 1989, China dispatched five military observers to the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization.

On the economic front: China has begun to join multilateral international economic organizations in the global economic system.

In 1980, China became a member of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, and also participated in the affairs of the International Fund for Agricultural Development, the Asian Development Bank and other institutions.

In 1989, China became a member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation.

In 1982, China participated in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade as an observer.

In 1986, China applied to fully join the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.

In the field of human rights, China has also conducted extensive dialogue with some international organizations. In 1979, China participated in the meeting of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights and became a member of its council in 1982.

In terms of environment: In 1992, the Chinese government signed the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change during the Rio de Janeiro Conference.

In terms of the nuclear non-proliferation regime, China has signed the Antarctic Treaty - August 1983, the Outer Space Treaty - December 30, 1983, and the South Pacific Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty - February 10, 1987.

, "African Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty-April 1996" and other international treaties.

In 1984, China joined the International Atomic Energy Agency and promised to abide by the obligations stipulated by the agency. In March 1992, China signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. On September 24, 1996, China signed the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.

, on October 27, 1997 and October 5, 1998, China signed two human rights covenants, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.

In 2001, China became a member of the World Trade Organization.

In December 1997, leaders of China and ASEAN determined the policy of establishing a partnership of good neighborliness and mutual trust at the first ASEAN-China Leaders’ Informal Meeting.

In November 2002, China and ASEAN signed the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea, which effectively promoted the regional integration process between China and ASEAN.

In November 2002, the leaders of China and ASEAN (11) signed the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement, and since then the construction process of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area has been fully launched.

In November 2004, China and ASEAN signed the Agreement on Trade in Goods and began to implement tax reductions on July 20, 2005.

In July 2005, China and ASEAN signed the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area Agreement, setting the goal of building a China-ASEAN Free Trade Area by 2010. In January 2007, China and ASEAN signed the Agreement on Trade in Services.

China and ASEAN will sign the Investment Agreement in August 2009. The signing of the Investment Agreement marks that China and ASEAN have successfully completed the negotiation tasks of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, and the construction of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area is progressing smoothly.

What is even more worth mentioning is that on April 26, 1996, China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan formally signed the "Agreement on Strengthening Trust in the Military Field in Border Areas" in Shanghai, establishing the "Shanghai Five" mechanism.

The "Shanghai Five" mechanism has developed into the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and has also built diversified East Asian cooperation mechanisms, such as ASEAN + China (10 + 1), ASEAN + China, Japan and South Korea (10 + 3), etc.

Actively act on the issue, carry out multilateral diplomacy, and promote the Six-Party Talks to resolve the North Korean nuclear issue.

Since the mid-1990s, China has gradually established a new security concept with "mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, and collaboration" as its core.

The performance is as follows: 1. Guided by the new security concept, China actively seeks to resolve disputes with neighboring countries through peaceful negotiations and promotes cooperation in regional disarmament and confidence-building measures.

From 1996 to 1997, China and Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan successively signed the Agreement on Strengthening Trust in the Military Field in Border Areas, the Agreement on Mutual Reduction of Military Forces in Border Areas, and the Agreement on Mutual Reduction of Military Forces in Border Areas.

In 2008, China and India signed the Agreement on Confidence-Building Measures in the Military Field along the Line of Actual Border Control. In 1998, China and the United States signed the Agreement on Establishing and Strengthening Maritime Military Security and Consultation Mechanisms.

In November 1999, the Chinese Ministry of National Defense and the Mongolian Border Guard Administration signed the "China-Mongolia Border Defense Cooperation Agreement."

The signing and implementation of these agreements have played a positive role in maintaining peace and tranquility in border areas and promoting the peaceful resolution of border issues.

2. Guided by the new security concept, China strives to promote the construction of regional security dialogue and cooperation mechanisms.

China attaches great importance to multilateral security dialogue and cooperation processes such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the ASEAN Regional Forum, and advocates enhancing mutual understanding and trust among countries through these important channels and promoting regional peace and stability.