What "strange diseases" should you watch out for when traveling to Africa? Africa crosses the equator, with hot climate, mosquito breeding and frequent infectious diseases. Traveling to Africa, people may be infected with malaria, filariasis, Leishmania, schistosomiasis, Babesiosis, myiasis, tick paralysis and other rare tropical diseases in China, and these "strange diseases" are easily misdiagnosed. Filariasis is transmitted by mosquitoes, including lymphatic filariasis, cutaneous filariasis and visceral filariasis. In the early stage of lymphatic filariasis, fever and skin inflammation may appear, and in the later stage, limb elephantiasis like elephant leg may appear. Cutaneous filariasis can cause skin inflammation, especially onchocerciasis parasitic on the eyes can cause visual impairment and even blindness, also known as river blindness. Visceral filariasis is mild, and symptoms such as chest pain or rash may occur. Leishmaniasis is a disease spread by the bite of an insect called sandfly, including visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, is characterized by long-term fever, splenomegaly and anemia. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is mainly manifested as skin nodular ulcer at the lesion site, which is itchy and unbearable, and secondary infection will occur after scratching. There are 1.3 million new cases and 2, to 3, deaths worldwide every year. Babesiosis is transmitted by tick bites, similar to malaria. The severity of the disease is closely related to people's age, immune level and whether the spleen is removed or not. In light cases, there are no obvious symptoms or only fever, while in severe cases, there will be fever, anemia, jaundice and hematuria, resulting in organ failure and even death. The disease can also be transmitted by blood transfusion and mother to child.

non-tourists should consult local entry-exit quarantine bureaus and other institutions before traveling to learn about tropical diseases, and do the following: try to take the bus and close the window when traveling; When outdoors, apply mosquito repellent to the body; Avoid going to high-risk areas, and carefully enter the breeding grounds of blood-sucking insects such as forests, pastures, grasslands and bushes. If you must enter these environments, you should wear long clothes, trousers and stockings, and try to attract mosquitoes with dark clothes such as black or blue. Avoid sleeping in humble dwellings, and use mosquito nets or spray pesticides indoors at night. Non-travelers should do "several noes": do not swim and play in the river pond easily, and avoid touching unfamiliar water bodies; Pay attention to food hygiene, don't drink raw water, don't eat food and drinks that may be contaminated by mosquitoes and flies, and don't eat half-baked food. What equipment and food do you need to travel to Africa now?

First of all, you should bring anti-mosquito drugs such as mosquito repellent liquid and essential balm, followed by antimalarial drugs such as artesunate, Ketaixin and antibacterial drugs such as amoxicillin and norfloxacin. Don't forget to bring some cold medicine and airsickness medicine. You can bring some instant noodles, biscuits, dried meat, pickled mustard tuber in small bags, melon seeds, etc., and you can bring mosquito nets and sun hats. I hope these will help you. Have a nice trip! Good luck to you! !

What special properties should you be wary of when buying a house

Well, it's time for the state to control it, but then again, is the house price high? You can not buy it! People who engage in real estate are in charge of you. If you don't buy it, there are some traps that people should be wary of when starting a business.

Avoiding the following six common mistakes can save a lot of "tuition fees" for your start-up.

Two founders of Woolly Pocket

Wen | Lorie A.Parch

Like all start-ups, Rodney Nelson needs to build a good website for his company Woolly Pocket. He founded this company with his brother Miguel Nelson, focusing on selling exquisite and environmentally friendly plants online. But they encountered some problems.

"Our first website was designed without following the standard rules of websites." Nelson recalled. He lives in Phoenix and is a business management consultant. "Its navigation function is difficult to work, and customers have to slide the mouse to the bottom of the home page, and then turn to the next page to find the' Buy Now' button."

The two brothers turned to another programmer, but their second e-commerce website also failed to play a very good role, and they found it difficult for the technical team to respond quickly. "The website designed for the first time cost almost $7,, and it needs to be revised after six months." Nelson said, "The second time we spent $15,, we felt satisfied at that time, but it didn't bring people a refreshing feeling. Then we began to ask a company for help a year later. So, we designed three websites in one year. In the end, we revised the website four times in a year and a half, and it didn't really work until the fourth time. "

for your business, it may not only cost you so much to set up a website, but also you may have to pay "tuition" for everything else-this is Murphy's theorem for start-ups. Taking care of a start-up seems to cost money everywhere, and it is hard to be smart enough to get value for money at first. However, some common mistakes may make a start-up that needs self-reliance face disaster. Here are six pitfalls to watch out for and professional advice on how to avoid them.

expensive price one: the team doesn't give strength

Bill Aulet is the managing director of the Martin Trust Center, a subsidiary of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Entrepreneurship, and the author of the book "Disciplined Entrepreneurship". He believes that choosing the wrong team is the most expensive mistake made by entrepreneurs, which not only leads to a large loss of income, but also easily kills morale.

He explained: "It looks like playing basketball in a startup. You can choose your friends to play together, but if you want your team to have a chance to compete all the time, you must choose your teammates carefully."

it is very important to recruit talents with different special skills. But Aulet suggested: "just like a great team, they must hold the same values and have the ability to trust each other in difficult times." Based on this, it is often more important to support each other with your co-founders and early employees under heavy pressure than friendship. "

expensive price 2: pricing bias

Sarah Shaw, CEO of Entreprete, a consulting firm in Durango, Colorado, said, "The first business I started was a handbag company, and the biggest mistake I made was pricing."

"at that time, I didn't realize that for clothing and accessories, you have to count the required fabrics, including the wasted fabric area." Shaw explained. It is precisely because of the lack of accurate understanding of the cost that she failed to accurately price the products.

"I think it is generally believed that pricing is twice the cost, but this is not correct." She said, "After taking into account the expenses such as marketing and exhibition hall fees, the pricing should be 2.5 times the cost."

in his first two years in business, Shaw himself invested $1,. Thanks to its persistence and word-of-mouth communication (many celebrities like her handbag), the company finally achieved an annual income of 1 million US dollars and successfully attracted investors. However, after the "9.11 incident", the company fell into a downturn and finally died in 22.

Tobin Booth, CEO of Blue Oak Energy, paid a heavy price for the wrong pricing strategy just like Shaw. In 21, the California solar photovoltaic system builder signed a contract with a retail company to install solar equipment for the latter in eight States in the United States.

"In such a competitive market, we have zero experience in dealing with such complicated orders." He said, "We don't know the tax responsibilities that we need to bear in crossing so many States beforehand, and we don't know the labor costs in different States. Moreover, due to the weather and transportation, it also caused the problem of delayed delivery. "

the company failed to plan the specific time of installation, which caused the delay, and thus required to pay additional storage costs. In 211, we lost 5, dollars. Booth revealed that the wrong valuation was his worst experience as an entrepreneur, but he also said that it was not without benefits: "As the old saying goes,' You learn from a mistake.' The most painful experience is also the class where you can learn the most. "

expensive price 3: missed opportunity

when you have a killer good idea, you naturally want to package it well and then introduce it to the world. But even people who don't have the qualification of certified public accountants know a common sense, that is, the longer you spend before releasing ideas, the more money you spend.

"This is a common mistake that people make, especially those in science and technology." Drew Williams, co-author of Feed the Startup Beast, analyzed, "Many technical people want to make an App perfect before launching it, but this often means that you spend a very long time and spend a lot." This mistake is likely to lead you to the end of your rope-you need funds to maintain normal operation and make progress in product research and development before getting consumer approval.

"You need to let more people know about your product and find buyers for it after perfecting the most original and basic product vision." Williams suggested, "find one or two customers who are interested in your products and are willing to provide experimental support for your manufacturing, testing and correcting products." There is always a gap between the product and your idea, so you need to explore it slowly. If you have a real customer behind you, you can create a better product in a very cost-effective way. "

expensive price 4: technical blindness

when Traklight, a software company dedicated to helping individuals and enterprises identify and protect intellectual property rights, was founded, although Mary Juetten was not a Luddite who had to hinder technological progress (from 1811 to 1816, Britain opposed capitalist oppression by destroying machines and other means), she really knew nothing about technology. Juetten said: "I know how to show what our software can do ... but I don't know much about software coding or website development." Juetten is a certified public accountant and enjoys the qualification of certified public accountant in Canada.

before, she relied on the experience of another co-founder in the technical field, but when the cooperation between them ended, she fell into a mess. "This is the biggest mistake I made: I was always looking for the best cooperation opportunities, but I didn't let myself learn more programming languages or introduce talents in this field into the team."

the team she recruited to create Traklight software department told her that it was "impossible" to use a certain programming language, but "necessary" to use another programming language to build the website. "If the staff who designed my website came to me and said,' You'd better use this color instead of that color', I would raise all kinds of questions. But I have never expressed any opinion on the matter of programming language because it is a technical problem. "

the four-month period reserved for software development was extended to eight months, and then extended to nine months or even longer. "If I have professional technical knowledge, I can win more time and bring the product to market earlier." She said, "So those entrepreneurs who are' technology-blind' like me need to learn by themselves."

in the end, Juetten studied the course of "lecture on the necessary technical knowledge of entrepreneurs". She suggested that other founders who need relevant professional knowledge visit Codecademy, an interesting programming website, or get corresponding solutions through training courses provided by General Assembly, an entrepreneurial education company.

expensive price 5: distressed lawyer's fees

Booth of Blue Oak Energy very much hopes to draw up a new quotation for that order that spans eight states in the United States, but he also regrets that he was too economical in legal-related expenses such as lawyer's fees when the company was still in its infancy. "If I can rearrange the early staff, it would be great to spend thousands of dollars to hire a lawyer to draw up a proper contract from the beginning!" He recalled, "My mistake was that I didn't find a lawyer who really understood the company's business."

Many of the company's early customers failed to repay the cost of solar equipment as scheduled, so Booth found a debt collection company to cooperate. He said that he also suffered some losses in the process: "I found that there are some clauses in our contract that the other party does not bear the lawyer's fees." Today, Blue Oak Energy's annual income has reached $2 million.

Shaw had a similar experience. When signing the contract, she didn't know that she should own the trademark right of the company named after her, so when investors negotiated to buy the company, her name was also bought. "I can no longer start any company under my own name." She was very regretful. "I wish I had hired a lawyer to remind me."

expensive price 6: saving promotion fees

Williams, the writer mentioned above, said: "Many entrepreneurs will think that others need to spend money to promote their products or services, but my company doesn't, because my products are good enough and the wine is not afraid of the deep alley." Another myth is that you can build brands and attract consumers for free through social media. "Social media doesn't offer free lunches." He said, "It often takes unimaginable efforts to be just right on social media. It usually takes you six months to a year before you make small progress-in a word, it is not a promotion tool that can get quick response."

if you are not sure how much budget you should invest in marketing, Williams' suggestion is to invest 1% ~ 2% of the company's estimated gross income. "When your company gradually stabilizes, this ratio can be appropriately reduced to 5% ~ 1%. If the company becomes the leader in the market, it only needs to invest 5% or even less."

after Traklight went online, Juetten found that the ranking of the company on the search engine was not satisfactory. She recalled: "No one found us through search." Therefore, she decided to invest a certain amount of marketing expenses. "For a small company, the first promotion cost is staggering, but instead of revising the website, we launched email marketing and CRM (Customer Relationship Management)." Now this