There is an unwritten law in academia, that is, you cannot submit a manuscript to multiple submissions.

Submitting a manuscript to multiple submissions is one of the serious manifestations of academic misconduct. It is not necessarily “better” than plagiarism.

Generally, journals will explain the transfer and ownership of the copyright of the paper in the relevant items of "Instructions to Authors". Submitting to the journal indicates that the author has accepted the journal's agreement. Foreign journals generally require authors to fill in the "Transfer of Copyright Agreement".

What does "submit one manuscript to multiple submissions" mean?

Dr. Ren Shengli from the National Natural Science Foundation of China pointed out that "multiple submissions of one manuscript" means that the same author or different authors of the same research group try to or have submitted their manuscript to two or more journals without the knowledge of the journal editors and reviewers.

Publish papers with the same or similar content at the same time or one after another.

When talking about multiple submissions for one manuscript, it involves the issue of "one China, one foreign country", that is, one article is published in two languages.

This is a popular practice in China and can be roughly divided into two situations: 1) articles published at foreign conferences are translated into Chinese and published in domestic magazines; 2) articles published in domestic magazines are translated into English and published in foreign magazines

published.

Does “one Chinese and one foreign” count as multiple submissions for one manuscript?

Dr. Ren Shengli classified it as "secondary publication".

The so-called secondary publication refers to re-publication in the same language or another language, especially re-publication in another language in another country.

Secondary publication is allowed, but Dr. Ren Shengli also pointed out that secondary publication must meet all the following conditions: 1) The consent of the editors of the first and second publication journals has been obtained, and the first publication has been provided to the editor of the secondary publication journal.

2) There should be at least one week between the second publication and the first publication; 3) The purpose of the second publication is to make the paper oriented to a different readership; 4) The second publication should be explained in the form of footnotes on the first page of the paper

Information published for the first time.

If a paper is published in a certain journal, how much changes will be made in its content before submission is considered multiple submissions?

Professor Keng H. Chung said that you can refer to the topic of the paper. At least the topics of the two papers cannot be repeated, otherwise it will be regarded as multiple submissions.

Dr. Ren Shengli gave the circumstances that do not qualify as multiple submissions for one manuscript, as follows: (1) Research results that have been given oral presentations at professional academic conferences, or reported in the form of abstracts or conference posters.

(2) Papers that have enriched more than 50% of the data for the first published content.

(3) News reports about academic conferences or scientific discoveries (simple content description).