On March 5th, the second batch of 32 resource-exhausted cities announced by the National Development and Reform Commission suddenly appeared in xiaoyi city.
Although this is the first time that a city in Shanxi has been listed, it is not surprising that this county-level city, which once created the economic myth of Shanxi Province, has been ranked among the top 100 counties (cities) in China for two consecutive years. At the same time, this list has once again focused the attention of Shanxi public opinion on the term "resource-exhausted city".
Two days later, on March 7th, Zhang Fuming, deputy to the National People's Congress and director of the Development Research Center of Shanxi Provincial People's Government, suggested at this year's "two sessions" that Shanxi Province should be identified as a policy pilot province for the transformation and development of the national resource-based economy.
In fact, as early as the Fourth Session of the Tenth National People's Congress in 2006, how to make the resource-exhausted cities in this province smoothly realize economic transformation has been put on the agenda by Shanxi representatives.
For Shanxi, the transition is imminent and on the way.
There are many filial piety in Shanxi.
As we all know, coal char is one of the most important pillar industries in xiaoyi city.
On August 24th, 2007, xiaoyi city ranked 96th among the 2002 participating counties (cities) in that year, becoming the second participating county (city) after Hejin.
A year later, xiaoyi city once again ranks among the top 100 counties (cities) in China, jumping from 96 in 2007 to 88.
No matter how fierce the financial crisis is, it will gradually recede over time. With xiaoyi city being included in the second batch of 32 resource-exhausted cities by the State Council, the impact on xiaoyi city may be far more severe than the financial crisis after the lack of coke and coal.
It is understood that there is no Shanxi in the first batch of 12 resource-exhausted cities announced on March 7, 2008, but this does not mean that Shanxi's resource-based cities are rich in reserves and have no worries. On the contrary, due to the current special situation in Shanxi Province, it is only a matter of time before more "dutiful sons" are on the list.
Resource-exhausted cities have a common feature, that is, in the process of development, the input of various economic factors has been concentrated in resource-based pillar industries and specialized production departments, while the development of other industries is relatively backward. The proportion of industrial structure is seriously unbalanced, the pillar industries are seriously simplified, the industrial structure is primary, and it lacks flexibility and adaptability.
As one of the most typical resource-based economic provinces in China, there are about 1 1 resource-based cities in Shanxi Province, and 94 of the 1 19 counties (cities, districts) have coal resources. After long-term large-scale mining, these counties and cities have become closer to the concept of "resource-exhausted cities".
According to the data, during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, some key coal mines in Shanxi Province were closed due to aging, and their decreasing production capacity reached160,000 tons. It is predicted that in 15 years after the Tenth Five-Year Plan, more mining resources will be exhausted in Shanxi Province. Among them, nearly one-third of local state-owned mine resources are exhausted, and its reduced production capacity will reach 654.38 billion tons.
Datong and Yangquan are also cities facing serious resource depletion in Shanxi. Figures show that four of the main mines in the headquarters of Datong Coal Group 15 have been closed, and two are in bankruptcy proceedings. However, the service life of Yuxian coal mine in Yangquan City is at most 16 years, while that of suburban coal mine is less than 10 years. Pingding Coal Mine is slightly better, with a remaining service life of 30 years.
Shanxi's transformation should be accelerated.
On February 8th, 2000 1,1,the State Council identified Fuxin as the first pilot city for economic transformation of resource-exhausted cities in China. Obviously, Shanxi also needs such "care".
Yun Pan, vice president of Shanxi Academy of Social Sciences, told Shanxi Youth Daily that Shanxi needs such "pilot policy" support very much.
"After a long period of coal mining, the coal resources in Shanxi Province have been exhausted." Yun Pan said that in view of the actual situation in Shanxi, it is necessary to suggest to the state that Shanxi should be identified as a pilot province for the transformation and development of the national resource-based economy. "This is not only related to the development of Shanxi, a province that has made great contributions to the country, but also related to the country's energy security."
According to China's current resource structure, coal still occupies a large proportion in resource utilization. It is understood that after becoming a "pilot city for economic transformation of resource-exhausted cities", it will receive a number of preferential policies including financial transfer payment, resource tax adjustment, national special funds and loan support.
Chen Guowei, director of the Industry Division of the Development Research Center of the provincial government, told the reporter of Shanxi Youth Daily that the transformation of resource-exhausted cities will be the key work of the Development Research Center in 2009.
"The four suggestions mentioned by the representative of Zhang Fuming in the proposal fully express the areas that Shanxi needs to focus on." Yun Pan said, however, we can also consider supporting the transformation of resource-exhausted cities and even Shanxi as a whole in areas other than coal. "We can copy the transformation model of Ruhr area in Germany to a great extent, strive for the policy support of the state in the grass-roots fields such as education, cultivate new industrial talents, extend the coal coke industry, and make Shanxi a new industrial province." Yun Pan said.
Transformation planning has been completed.
It is understood that Wang Shouzhen, director of Shanxi Coal Industry Bureau, said in his report at the provincial coal work conference in 2008 that in accordance with the development idea of "based on coal, extending coal and surpassing coal", the development of coal and related industries will be coordinated and the sales revenue of non-coal products will be continuously increased. "Strive to achieve sales revenue of non-coal products in the coal industry of more than 75 billion yuan this year."
Less than half a year after the provincial coal work conference, the Shanxi Provincial People's Government put forward the implementation opinions on promoting the sustainable development of resource-based cities through documents.
The opinion points out that before 20 10, resource-exhausted cities will gradually establish alternative industries, 1 1 cities and key coal-producing counties will basically establish compensation mechanisms for resource development and assistance mechanisms for declining industries, initially forming marketization mechanisms for mining rights and coal prices, and the ability of sustainable economic and social development will be significantly enhanced.
By 20 15, it is planned to increase the proportion of industrial added value of non-coal industries in resource-based cities in the province to over 60%. Moreover, each related resource-based city should cultivate two or three new pillar industries, and mine workers and surplus workers in enterprises will basically realize their job transfer due to resource exhaustion.
In this "package" plan, the re-employment of mining workers has always been regarded as a difficult problem for resource-based cities to realize economic transformation, and it is also an unavoidable problem.
Xia Bing, a researcher at the Energy Research Institute of the Provincial Academy of Social Sciences, said that the professional skills of employees in mining areas are often too professional. In order to realize the successful transformation of resource-based cities, we must first solve the retraining of these people, "rather than simply letting themselves go."
At the Fourth Session of the Tenth National People's Congress, Zhu Lihou, a representative of the National People's Congress, also expressed his position on the re-employment of employees. "We must pay close attention to the social security and re-employment of coal miners, strengthen employment training and provide public welfare jobs."
Transformation and development are on the road.
According to the data, in 2007, the fiscal revenue of Linfen City, Shanxi Province has exceeded 654.38+0.2 billion yuan, of which the contribution of resource industry accounts for a large part. However, at the same time of economic development, Linfen, Shanxi Province, is more well-known by the world as a global leader in pollution, and is called "a city where residents can't wear white shirts".
The cost of environmental protection cannot be ignored. On June 15, 2006, Shanxi was approved to be the only pilot province for sustainable development of coal in China.
Subsequently, in March 2007 10, the Shanxi provincial government began to levy the fund for the sustainable development of the coal industry.
According to the Measures for the Collection and Management of Shanxi Coal Sustainable Development Fund formulated by Shanxi Provincial Government, the sources of funds are mainly thermal coal from 5 yuan to 15 yuan/ton, anthracite 10 yuan/ton to 20 yuan and coking coal 15 yuan/ton.
It is understood that the use of funds will be allocated according to the ratio of 5: 3: 2, that is, 50% will be used for environmental control, 30% for coal mine conversion and 20% for social stability.
Chen Guowei introduced that the establishment of the coal industry sustainable development fund system is a special support for the transformation and sustainable development of resource-exhausted cities. Since Shanxi Province began to explore the transformation of resource-based cities very early, "Shanxi has been at the forefront of the country in this regard."
Miao Lihuan, director of the Planning and Development Department of Shanxi Coal Industry Bureau, said that in the four major areas mentioned by Zhang Fuming that need institutional reform and exploration, and give corresponding policies and financial support, "the transformation of Shanxi Province is already on the road."
"For example, the collection of coal resource fees is being implemented," Miao introduced, including the establishment of a coal conversion fund system, similar to the coal stabilization fund system.
It is reported that as early as 2003, Shanxi Province put forward a proposal to build an environmental compensation mechanism for coal mining resources.