Behaviorism was founded by American psychologist J.B. Watson in 1913.

The characteristics of this school of theory include the following four points: (1) It emphasizes that psychology is a science, so it emphasizes experimentation and observation in terms of methods; in terms of research topics, it only pays attention to observable and recorded explicit behaviors.

(2) Explain that the basis of behavior is the external response of an individual, and the formation and change of responses are processes through constraints.

(3) Pays attention to the influence of the environment on individual behavior and does not recognize the importance of individual free will; therefore, it is considered determinism.

(4) In education, we advocate the use of both rewards and punishments, do not pay attention to intrinsic motivation, and emphasize the training value of external control.

The behavioral school was popular in the United States and its influence spread all over the world. From the 1920s to the 1950s, for more than 40 years, the psychology world was almost entirely dominated by behaviorism.

Behaviorism is also called behavioral psychology.

Behaviorism later evolved into radical behaviorism and neo-behaviorism due to different views on behavioral explanations.