1. Origin of surname

Wu's surname comes from five sources:

1. It comes from Ji's surname and takes the country as the surname. According to the relevant materials, such as General Records of the Clan, Historical Records of Zhou Benji, Compilation of Yuanhe Surname, and Danyang Wu Genealogy, King Taiwang of Zhou built the Zhou Dynasty in ancient times, and wanted to spread it to his third son's calendar in his later years, so his eldest son Taibo and his second son Zhong Yong automatically gave way to the south of the Yangtze River and took up agriculture as their career. After that, Taibo established the state of Gou Wu. After the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, King Wu named the third grandson Zhou Zhang of Taibo as Hou and changed his country name to Wu. After being destroyed by the state of Yue, its royal descendants took Wu as their surname.

2. According to legend, there was a tribe named Yu in ancient times, and Yu Shun was its leader. His descendants were named Wu because of the proximity of Yu Wu.

3. Descendants of Wu Quan in the period of Zhuan Xu, the ancient emperor. According to relevant information, it is said that it was the descendant of Wu Quan when Zhuan Xu was Emperor (Levin's) in ancient times.

4. In the Xia Dynasty, Wang Shaokang had Wu He, followed by Wu.

5. The ethnic minorities merged with the Han nationality, resulting in the Wu surname. Xibo, Kirgiz, Korean, Hezhe, etc. all have Wu surnames.

First ancestor: Taber. More than 3, years ago, there was a Zhou tribe in Qishan, Shaanxi Province, whose leader was called Zhou Taiwang. Mrs. Zhou was born with the eldest son Taibo, the second son Zhong Yong and the youngest son Ji Li. Ji Li's son is smart and wise, and he is deeply loved by the King Tai. Zhou Taiwang wanted to preach in Chang, but according to the tradition at that time, it should be preached in the eldest son, so King Tai was unhappy. After Taibo understood his father's meaning, he fled to the desolate south of the Yangtze River with his second brother Zhong Yong, created his own inheritance and established the ancient country of Gou Wu. After the demise of Shang Dynasty, the Zhou Dynasty was established, and Zhou Wuwang named the third Sun Zhouzhang of Taber as Hou, so he changed his country name to Wu. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Wu was destroyed by the State of Yue, and the descendants of its royal family did not forget the hatred of national subjugation, so they took the country name "Wu" as their surname, and Taibo became the ancestor of Wu's surname.

II. Migration and distribution

Wu's surname originated in the south of China, and it was the first development period after the Qin and Han Dynasties. After the subjugation of Wu, the descendants of Wu went into exile in Wuyuan, Jiangxi, Shexian, Anhui, and some moved north to Shandong and Shanxi. At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the clansmen of Wu took part in the uprising, and many famous families, such as Nanyang Wu, Chen Liu Wu and Henan Wu, appeared, which was an important period in the history of Wu's development. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Wu clan was further developed. Because Wu had a daughter who married the monarch of Wu at the end of the Han Dynasty, she became a royal family and gave birth to Sun Quan, Sun Ce and others. After Wu's death, she became an official in the Jin Dynasty and became a famous person in the world. During the Southern Dynasties, the people named Wu after "Yanling Jizi" developed to the central part of Hubei, gradually prospered, and at the same time formed the famous Wuchang County Hope. Some Wu clansmen who moved to Shandong and other places during the Qin and Han Dynasties moved to Chengdu, Sichuan, and gradually became famous local families after becoming an official in Sichuan. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, three famous families of Wu successively appeared: Chen Liu, Puyang and Bohai. Chen Liu's family originated from a family of Wu who moved to Shandong. After the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, although it experienced wars, it continued to develop as a local family, and a group of celebrities represented by Wu Jing, the author of Zhenguan Politicians, appeared. The surname Wu in Puyang was a great master in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and lived through the Han, Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties. Because it was always a royal family and celebrities and beautiful women came forth in large numbers, the surname Wu in Puyang was very prosperous and its status was always prominent. At the same time, the Wu surname in Bohai Sea is also famous for its constant celebrities. In the Song and Yuan Dynasties, due to various reasons, a large number of Wu surnames in the north moved to the south and developed greatly in the south. Therefore, Wu surnames in the north gradually declined, while those in the south gradually prospered. During this period, a large number of people, such as the descendants of "Yanling Jizi", such as Wu surnames in Xianyang and Wu surnames in Shaoxing, gradually became dignitaries, served as officials in past dynasties, and their families continued to expand and prosper, and later gradually separated into noble families such as Ningguo in Anhui and Jiaxing in Zhejiang. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties and modern times, a large number of celebrities named Wu emerged, their families were further distributed, their population increased, and there was a phenomenon of widespread migration to Southeast Asia and overseas except the mainland. Wu surname is widely distributed, and now it is mostly in the south of the Yangtze River. The population ratio of Wu surname in East China accounts for more than 2% of the population of each province, especially in Fujian Province, accounting for about 5% of the population of the whole province. Wu is the tenth most popular surname in China today, with a large population, accounting for about 2% of the Han population in China.

Third, historical celebrity

Wu Qi: a famous strategist in the Warring States Period, was born in Zuo's family (now Cao County, Shandong Province). First as a general of Lu, then as a general of Wei, and then as a general of Chu, he presided over the political reform and promoted the development of Chu, and was later killed.

Wu Guang: the leader of peasant uprising at the end of Qin Dynasty, born in Yangxia (now Taikang, Henan Province). In 29 BC, he launched an uprising of 9 garrisons with Chen Sheng, established the Zhang Chu regime, and was later killed.

Wu Rui: a vassal king in the early Western Han Dynasty, Qin was then the county magistrate of Fanyang (now Boyang East, Jiangxi Province). At the end of Qin Dynasty, he led an uprising, and was awarded the title of King of Changsha for helping Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty claim the title of emperor.

Wu Han: a native of Wanxian County, Nanyang (now Nanyang, Henan Province), was a fu of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was a representative of the Wu family in Nanyang. He was named Guangping Hou because of his contribution to the rebellion of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, making his family the most prominent family among Wu surnames in the early Eastern Han Dynasty.

Wu Jun, a deceased Xing Wu (now Anji, Zhejiang Province), was a writer in Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties and was invited by the official. General history, whose literary skills are good at writing scenery, especially short essays, is called "Wu Junti".

Wu Jing: a native of Junyi, Bianzhou (now Kaifeng, Henan Province), a historian of the Tang Dynasty, an official to Wei Wei and Shao Qing, and a bachelor of arts in literature museum, with books such as A Record of Wu Hou and Zhenguan dignitaries.

Wu Bing, a native of Wuyang, Piling (now Changzhou, Jiangsu Province), was in the painting academy of Shaoxi, South Song Guangzong (119-1194). Lee, the queen of Guangzong, loved her paintings, and she was very kind and gave her a gold belt. Painting flowers and birds, Xia Wenyan's "Pictorial Treasures" in the Yuan Dynasty said that his paintings were "sketching and folding branches, which can seize nature and paint exquisitely and richly". Keep the style of college painting. There are 43 paintings, such as Sleeping Duck in Spring Pool, Camellia Pigeon, Yuanyang Ruilian, Baozhu Yudie, Broken Branches and Red Peach, Broken Branches and Peony, Celosia cristata, Rose, Changchun and Narcissus, which are recorded in the Painting Record of Southern Song Dynasty Academy. Works handed down from ancient times include "Lotus Out of the Water" and "Jiahe Grass Insect", which are now in the Palace Museum; "Bamboo Bird Map" album, silk edition, colored, 25 cm in length and 25 cm in width, painted with the word "Wu Bing Painting" on the lower side, is Wu Bing's representative work, and is collected in Shanghai Museum.

Zhen Wu, a native of Jiaxing (now Zhejiang Province), was an outstanding painter in Yuan Dynasty, famous for his landscapes and ink bamboo, and one of the "Yuan Sijia".

Wu Daozi, a famous painter in the Tang Dynasty, was born in Yang Zhai (now Yuxian County, Henan Province). His figures, ghosts and gods, birds and beasts, and pavilions are among the best in the world and are regarded as "painting saints" by later generations. The lines of his paintings are vigorous and varied, and the fine brushwork of Gao Gu You Simiao, which has been followed since ancient times, has developed the artistic method of line drawing, so the objects displayed are full of movement and rhythm, which is called "Wu Dai Dangfeng".

Wu Changling: a famous opera writer in Yuan Dynasty, a native of Datong, Shanxi.

Wu Cheng'en, a famous novelist in Ming Dynasty, was born in Shanyang (now Huai 'an County, Jiangsu Province). The Journey to the West, one of China's four classical literary masterpieces, is famous in the world.

Wu Sangui, a native of Gaoyou, Jiangsu Province, was the King of the Day in Qing Dynasty. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, he was stationed in Shanhaiguan as the general commander. He was named the King of the Day because he led the Qing soldiers into Shanhaiguan, and was killed in the Kangxi period because of rebellion.

Wu Jingzi, a famous novelist in Qing Dynasty, was born in Quanjiao, Anhui Province. An outstanding satirist who is famous for his novel The Scholars, whose book exposes the ugliness of society at that time in many ways, is an outstanding work in Chinese classical satirical novels. .

Wu Woyao, a famous novelist in Qing Dynasty, was born in Nanhai (now Guangzhou), Guangdong Province. The most influential novel is The Present Situation of the Strange Witnessed in Twenty Years.

Wu Changshuo, a famous seal engraver, painter and calligrapher in Qing Dynasty, was born in Anji, Zhejiang Province. Gong Shi, good at calligraphy, especially fine seal cutting, vigorous and old, unique.

Wu Youxun: Gao 'an, Jiangxi Province, a famous physicist in China, participated in the birth and development of modern quantum physics, and served as Professor Tsinghua University, Vice President of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Deputy to the National People's Congress, and Chang Ji of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

iv.No. of the County Lookout Hall

1. County Lookout

Yanling County: Qu 'a County was established in the Western Jin Dynasty, and now it is located in the southwest of Danyang, Jiangsu Province.

Puyang county: in the Jin dynasty, it was changed to the eastern county, and in the late Western Jin dynasty, it was changed to the county, and it was located in Puyang (now southwest of Puyang county, Henan province). The ancestor of this Wu family is Sun Wuzun, the descendant of Hou Wuhan in Guangping.

Bohai county: located in the western Han dynasty. Governance is located in Fuyang (the coastal area of Bohai Bay in Hebei Province and Liaoning Province today).

Wu Xingjun: Wu of the Three Kingdoms is located in the area of Huzhou, Zhejiang Province today. Governance is located in Wucheng (now Wuxingnan, Zhejiang Province). Tang also changed Huzhou to Wuxing County.

Runan County: The Emperor of Han Dynasty is located in the south of central Henan Province and north of Huaihe River in Anhui Province. Governance is located in Shangcai (now southwest of Shangcai County, Henan Province).

Wuchang County: The three kingdoms, Wei and Wu, each set Jiangxia County, and Wujiang ruled Wuchang (now Hubei City) and Wei Jiangxia ruled Shangchang (now southwest of Yunmeng). Jin destroyed Wu, returned to the old place, and changed to Wuchang County. Xia Kou (now Wuchang) was moved to the Southern Song Dynasty, and its jurisdiction was reduced to Wuhan and its vicinity. Governance is now in Wuhan, Hubei Province.

Chenliu County: The county was established in the Western Han Dynasty, and the administrative place was Chenliu (now southeast of Kaifeng, Henan Province). This branch of Wu family is a descendant of Jiza, and belongs to the family of Wu Hui in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Changsha county: it was located in Linxiang (now Shashi, Hunan Province) during the Qin Dynasty. After Ji Zha, the ancestor of this Wu clan was Wu Rui, the king of Changsha in the Western Han Dynasty.

2. HallNo.

Yanling Hall: Jiza is the fourth son of Wu Wang's longevity dream, and he is famous for his virtue. Longevity dream made him inherit the throne, but he refused to accept it, so Shou Meng had to seal him in Yanling. His three brothers were kings of Wu successively, and when they died, they wanted to give them to him, but he still refused. Therefore, he was regarded as "the third person of the highest virtue" by later generations, and because his fief was in Yanling, he was called "the son of Yanling" at that time.

Zhidetang: Confucius admired Taibo's spirit of humility and sighed: "Taibo, it can be described as the most virtuous, and it's no wonder that the people have no virtue!" In Confucius' view, Taibo's moral character has reached a very high level, and there are no words in the world to describe his virtue. Therefore, Taibo is known as the "King of Sanrang". To quote Confucius' praise, Wu's general hall number is called "Zhidetang".

In addition, the main hall names of Wu surname are Yuan Yuan Tang, Si Jing Tang, Yi De Tang, You Zhi Tang, San Rang Tang, Chong Auditorium, Rang De Tang, Si Rang Tang, Jun An Tang, Lu Cheng Tang and Dunhou Tang.

5. Clan characteristics

1. The clansmen of the Wu family have a prominent position in the past dynasties, with many senior officials and many celebrities.

2. There are many relatives in Wu clan, which makes this clan have a good development environment and spread to all parts of the country.

3. The lines of Wu surname are arranged in an orderly way. A word line of Wu surname in Shengxian County, Zhejiang Province is: "Heaven and earth are close teachers, ugly children are ugly, Tatsumi is at noon, and Shen You is in the sea." A word from the surname Wu in Yueyang, Hunan Province: "Xiang Zhao started Wen Xin Shi Ze, and the sages have been far away from home since ancient times. The family heirloom is only benevolent, and the virtues will be cherished for thousands of years." According to Wu Moxiu's Genealogy of the Wu Family, the surname Wu in Dongting, Hunan Province, has a word behavior: "Jia Shi Yongding, Ke Shao Jing Cong, Mao Guang Bing, and Li Cheng Zong." According to the genealogy of the Wu family in Yongding, Fujian Province, the school of Wu surname in Sixian Village in Yongding is: "I miss Wan Shi Tan Zhi, and my country takes Yu Rui Ji, and my son Ren Guangyu, who is Chang Yi Zong Li, makes the virtue eternal, Jiaxing Shao Xian Liang, Yan Qing fa Wen Wu, and is outstanding."

General couplets of Wu ancestral hall

[Inscription on the lintel of Wu ancestral hall]

Yanling Gaofeng

"Yanling Gaofeng" means that after Zhou Zhang officially sealed Wu, the country became stronger and stronger, and the nineteenth generation of Sun Shoumeng in Zhongyong officially became king. Shou Meng has four sons, and Ji Zha, the youngest, is benevolent and courteous, the most talented, loved by his father and loved by his brother. The dream of longevity gave way to him. Ji Zha, like his ancestor Tabor, insisted on ceding, and fled far away from home, never being subject to the national position for life. The king of Wu sealed him in Yanling (now Changzhou City and Jiangyin County, Jiangsu Province), which was called Yanling Jizi. Therefore, Wu also called Yanling Hall. Yanling became one of the county hopes of Wu surname in later generations.

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give way to the highest virtue.

—— Wu's ancestral hall general couplet was written anonymously

The general couplet was written by Wu Taibo, the eldest son of Zhou Taiwang (the ancient duke's father), since the Spring and Autumn Period, giving way to his younger brother Ji Li and Ji Li Zi Chang (the king of literature). Confucius called it "the supreme virtue", and Historical Records ranked it as the first family.

Yanling shize;

merry family voice.

—— Wu Zongci's general couplet was written anonymously

The general couplet was written by Ji Zha, the son of Wu Gongzi in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was sealed in Yanling (now Wujin, Jiangsu Province) and called "Yanling Jizi". Taibo gave way to Wu and lived in Meili, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province.

Yanling noble family;

ting Wei is a famous official.

—— Wu's ancestral hall was written anonymously.

The Spring and Autumn Period Wu Ji Zha was published in the upper couplet. Wu Gong of the Western Han Dynasty was published in the second couplet. When Wendi was a Henan satrap, he was appointed as Tingwei. Jia Yi was recommended to Wendi, who called Jia Yi as a doctor.

even treatment is the most important;

be clear and practical.

—— Wu's ancestral hall general couplet written anonymously

The couplet was written by Wu Gong in the Western Han Dynasty, which is fair and honest, and the peace is the best in the world. Wu Tingdong's research in the second couplet is mainly based on understanding the style and applying it.

even treatment is the most important;

jean de liufang.

—— Wu's ancestral hall general couplet written anonymously

The couplet refers to Wu Gong in the Western Han Dynasty. The second couplet refers to the origin of Wu.

ladies-in-waiting array;

Xiao Luan became an immortal.

—— Wu's ancestral hall general couplet written anonymously

The couplet was published in the Spring and Autumn Period. Sun Wu used the Art of War to teach the ladies-in-waiting of the Prince of Wu to line up the battle array to show their ability to run the army. In the second couplet, Tang Wenxiao married the fairy Wu Cailuan, and both of them died as immortals.

qing. is unique;

draw a saint's name.

—— Wu's Ancestral Hall General Union was written anonymously.

It was published in the upper union that Wu Yinzhi of the Western Jin Dynasty worked in various places, all of which were in qing.. In the second couplet, Tang Wu Daozi was named as a famous painter, and the world praised him as a "painting saint".

the eagle is watching;

firm but gentle jade light.

—— Wu's ancestral hall general couplet was written anonymously.

The couplet was written by Wu Zhi of the Three Kingdoms, and Cao Cao praised it for "raising its body and watching the phoenix". The second couplet, Ziming Wu Bozong, said that "jade light is firm but gentle, and it is almost impossible to hide".

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Sanrang Imperial House.

--------------------Wu's Ancestral Hall General Union

The code is Wu's Grand Ancestral Hall Union in Tainan City, Taiwan Province Province

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one sword will last forever.

—— Wu's ancestral hall general couplet was written anonymously.

Historical Records of Wu Taibo's Family was published in the couplet: "Confucius said,' The great man is extremely virtuous, and it's hard to say that the people have nothing to gain from the world'." The second couplet uses the allusion of Ji Zha's hanging sword and Xu Jun's tomb tree.

grandson can teach ladies-in-waiting;

Wen Xiao is lucky to meet Xian Shu.

-anonymous