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Explanation of several types of wood:
Elm—is the most commonly used wood for furniture in northern China. There are more than 20 varieties of elm. The tallest elm trees can grow to more than 30 meters and have a diameter of 1 meter. After the elm is cut open, its sapwood is yellow-brown, the core material is light brown, and the texture expands in layers like feathers. Elm wood does not dry out easily and is prone to cracking. Elm has medium strength, is resistant to decay, and is easy to process.
Birch - Produced in Northeast and North China, the wood is fine and soft, easy to process, pale white and slightly yellow, the fiber has poor shear resistance, is easy to "break", is not resistant to corrosion, and is easy to crack and crack after drying. warping. Its roots and knots have many patterns, and the ancients often used them as door cores and other decorations. The bark of birch is flexible and beautiful. However, because the wood is succulent and often deforms after being matured, it is rare to see tables and chairs made entirely of birch.
Poplar - is a commonly used wood in northern my country. The wood is relatively soft, stable and relatively common. It is mostly used as an accessory for elm furniture and the fetal bones of lacquer furniture on ancient furniture. The poplar mentioned here is also called "small-leaf poplar". Because it has a satin-like luster, it is also called "satin poplar". Poplar has a "smell" and is lighter and softer than birch. Birch has a slight fragrance and often has very fine brown-black water-soaked lines. This is the difference between the two.
Du Mu - also known as "Du Li Mu", is earthy gray-yellow, the wood is delicate and unpretentious, with little difference in horizontal and vertical textures, making it suitable for carving. In the old days, du wood was often used to carve wooden boards and seals. There were miniature trademark engravings used by Shanxi merchants. The figures, boats and carriages, mountains, rivers, houses, etc. were extremely exquisite within a square inch, and there were hundreds of tiny characters on them, which was breathtaking.
Cypress wood - its fragrance can be used as medicine, and cypress seeds can soothe the mind and replenish the heart. Cypress wood is yellow in color, fine in texture, fragrant in flavor, resistant to water, and has many knots, so it is often used as "cypress rice cake" among the people. The best coffins are also made of cypress wood because it is resistant to decay. The famous "Huang Chang Ti Cou" in the ancient king's tomb unearthed at Dabaotai in Beijing is a fence made of thousands of neatly stacked cypress trees, which shows its high level among wood plants.
Camphor wood is found in all provinces south of the Yangtze River in my country, and is abundant in Fujian, Taiwan. The tree diameter is larger, the wood width is wider, the pattern is very beautiful, especially the strong fragrance, which can keep insects away. Our country's camphor wood boxes are famous both at home and abroad, including suitcases, lying boxes (court clothes boxes), top boxes and other varieties. Most of the camphorwood tables and chairs in Beijing are of several types. In the old wood industry, camphor wood is divided into several types according to its shape, such as red camphor, tiger bark camphor, sassafras, rosewood camphor, watercress camphor, white camphor, ship board camphor, etc.
Walnut wood is the best wood for Jin furniture. After being polished and waxed, it will have a luster like hardwood. The wood is delicate and non-toxic, easy to carve, and the color is gray and soft. Walnut wood products were available in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and most of them were of the highest quality and could be used or hidden. The wooden features of walnut wood are only fine needle-like brown eyes and light yellow filament-like growth rings. Weight and elm etc.
Calpa wood - the folk call the fruitless walnut wood as Catalpa wood. The brown eyes of the catalpa wood are plain, dark in color, soft and less lustrous, but its shrinkage is small. It can be used as a door core and table core. It is often used as a door core and table core. Wood and walnut wood are used together. Catalpa wood is lighter in weight than walnut wood, has a darker color, is pine in texture, and has large and scattered brown eyes, which are the main points of difference.
Phoebe - is a very high-grade wood, with light orange-yellow and slightly gray color, elegant and quiet texture, gentle and soft texture, no shrinkage, and a fragrance when it rains. All southern provinces produce it, but Sichuan produces the best. The palace of the Ming Dynasty cut down a large amount of it, and now most of the Forbidden City in Beijing and the best ancient buildings in the capital are constructed of nanmu. Nanmu is not rotten and has a delicate fragrance. The royal library, golden lacquered throne, interior decoration, etc. are mostly made of Nanmu. Important buildings such as Wenyuan Pavilion, Leshou Hall, Taihe Hall, Changling and other important buildings have Nanmu decoration and furniture. Often used in conjunction with rosewood. Insiders regard its texture as the following names: golden nan, douban nan, fragrant nan, and gentian nan.
Beech - mainly grown in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui in China, it can grow to more than 30 meters and has a diameter of 1.5 meters. The texture of beech is layered and richer than that of elm. Suzhou craftsmen call it "pagoda grain". Its wood is also harder than ordinary wood, but it is not considered a hardwood. Among the furniture materials used in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, beech wood has an important position and has been valued since ancient times. Beech wood is a common material for making furniture in Suzhou. There is also a lot of beech wood furniture in the north, mostly in the Ming style, with the same shape and workmanship as huanghuali. It has always been valued by craftsmen and collectors. Jiangsu craftsmen often divide beech wood into three categories: yellow beech, red beech and blood beech. Different tree ages result in differences in color and density. Older and reddish trees are called "blood beech trees" and are the most prized.
Fir - light yellowish brown in color, with straight grain, relatively easy to dry, good strength, and resistant to moisture or insects. Fir is often used as building materials. Some varieties with stronger hardness, denser density and more uniform texture are also used to make furniture.
Oak wood - heavy and hard material, thick structure, obvious difference between heart and sapwood, obvious wood rays, high mechanical strength, wood is not easy to dry, difficult to process, difficult to damage and glue, but has good coloring properties , has strong bending properties and is often used as furniture surface material and thin wood veneer.
Pine wood - there are many types, with a pine scent, beautiful scabs, and soft wood. If it is dried without grease removal, the rosin will cause a lot of trouble during production and use.
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