There are many printing methods, different methods, different operations and different printing effects. Traditional printing methods can be divided into four categories: relief printing,
lithography, intaglio printing and stencil printing.
relief printing
It is called relief printing when the printed surface is prominent and the non-image part is concave. Relief printing includes letterpress and rubber plate.
letter press
letterpress was developed from early clay type, woodcut type and lead cast type, and most of them were typesetting in modern times. At the same time,
this printing method belongs to direct printing because it is printed directly on paper by a printing plate.
printing plates used in letterpress printing, except for the type typesetting, such as special fonts or patterns, pictures, etc., are made into zinc plates (commonly known as electronic plates) by using the photographic method, and recently they have been developed into nylon offset plates to improve the dot printing effect.
Generally, the letterpress printing plate is flat, but in some cases, it is necessary to copy the flat printing plate into a curved lead plate, which can be mounted on a drum rotary
embossing machine for mass printing, such as newspapers.
In addition to printing pictures and characters, letterpress printing can also print characters and patterns with concave and convex printing surfaces, cut the printing surfaces (commonly known as beer samples), print pinholes for tearing paper, and print digital characters with automatic indexing.
flexography
flexography is similar to letterpress printing, but the difference is that the printing plate is a piece of soft rubber, just like the rubber used for stamping. The ink used is similar to intaglio printing
, with high volatility and thinness, and is used for printing adhesive tape and plastic bags.
the method of plate making is divided into three steps: first, the pictures and texts are made into electronic plates for letterpress. Second, use bakelite-like hard rubber to heat and press on the above-mentioned
electric plate, and print the hard block printing plate female die. Thirdly, another kind of soft glue is heated and pressed on the female die and female die, and the offset printing plate which is the same as the original one in the first step < P > is made.
all kinds of gummed paper, such as Cellephane, P, V, C gummed paper, Polyester gummed paper, Acetate paper, etc.,
materials with no ink absorption and permeability on the surface can be printed on it. Suitable for printing plastic bags, hand-drawn, large and small plastic packaging. However, this printing
method is not as good as offset printing and letterpress printing in printing fine dots and lines, so the pictures should pay attention to the great effect.
planography
basic principles of planography
planography is named after the development of early lithograph printing. In early lithograph printing, the plate was used after being polished with stones, and then it was improved to metal
zinc plate or aluminum plate, but its principle remained unchanged.
There is no difference between the printed part and the non-printed part, that is, it is flat. By using the principle of water-oil incompatibility, the printed part keeps
a layer of oily oil film, while the layout on the non-printed part can absorb appropriate moisture. It is assumed that after the ink is printed on the layout, the printed part
repels moisture and absorbs ink, while the non-printed part absorbs moisture to form an ink-resistant effect. This method is used for printing.
after the development of lithography from the early days, lithography has been continuously studied and improved by experts in modern times because of its unique characteristics in plate making and printing, and its simplicity in work and low cost
, and it has become the most widely used method in printing today.
lithographic printing method
lithographic printing method is developed from the early lithographic printing transfer method, which is described on the transfer paper and then falls on the plate to become a reverse pattern, and then printed on the paper as a positive pattern. Due to the pressure that this method bears during printing, the planographic plate (that is, the printed part and the non-printed part
are both flat) is subjected to pressure, which makes the ink occupying the layout spread and expand, resulting in poor line drawing. Therefore,
was later improved to be called 〗(offset Printing, and its printing method is to make the layout into a regular pattern, which is transferred in the printing process.
the early lithography was ... >; >
question 2: what are the specific printing processes? Buhuei
Question 3: What is the printing process? Ink-jet printing
Ink-jet printing is an efficient special printing method, which can be applied to the packaging industry production line to quickly print the production date, batch number and barcode. It is a kind of non-contact, non-pressure and non-printing plate printing. Information stored in an electronic computer can be printed by inputting it into an inkjet printer.
with the continuous progress of digital technology, inkjet printing has also developed rapidly, and some technical problems have been solved perfectly, which has made a qualitative leap in the quality of inkjet printing products. Using the latest JDF production standard, inkjet printing equipment can also be easily integrated into the digital production process of the whole printing factory, thus achieving better equipment control and higher production efficiency.
anti-counterfeiting printing
It can be said that anti-counterfeiting printing plays a vital role in the field of packaging printing. If the general product needs a significant product identification, then many high-end products have to need a perfect anti-counterfeiting system. Anti-counterfeiting printing is a comprehensive anti-counterfeiting technology and a branch of special printing. Refers to the use of printing means to prevent imitation, copying or forgery without the permission of ownership.
Anti-counterfeiting printing is widely used in packaging and decoration products printing, and with the continuous improvement of people's brand awareness and the strengthening of intellectual property protection, it is believed that anti-counterfeiting printing will have great market prospects.
label printing
self-adhesive labels are commonly used materials in packaging and decoration industry. In China, at present, the main method of trademark printing is self-adhesive embossing. With the diversification and high-grade of trademarks, other printing methods are gradually added.
metal products
metal printing is a special printing method of substrate materials. Because of its high cost, it is generally used in the packaging of luxury goods, so its profit is also high. At present, metal printing materials are gradually increasing, and new materials are constantly emerging. No matter which material is used, its printing technology is different from paper printing. Offset printing, transfer printing, screen printing and flexographic printing are mainly used in China.
Paper packaging printing
This field accounts for the majority of packaging and decoration printing, and it is also an area where special printing technology is less applied, but we can also create more value by using innovative ideas in this field. Due to the early development, the technology of carton printing and paperboard printing has been relatively mature, and most printing plants have the production capacity of this product. Decorative patterns, patterns or words are printed on the packaging to make the products more attractive or explanatory. Interested in packaging and printing to provide
Question 4: What are the common printing processes?
1 Bronzing: The scientific name is hot-pressing transfer printing, referred to as hot transfer printing, commonly known as bronzing and silver stamping. There is also a cold pad printing.
2 UV: ultraviolet ray, which is short for UV, and "UV transparent oil" is the full name, that is, the ink can be dried and cured by ultraviolet irradiation. UV is usually a screen printing process, and now there are offset UV.
3. Punching and embossing: the scientific name is embossing, which makes the printed object change locally by pressure to form a pattern. It is a process in which the metal plate is corroded and becomes a pressing plate and a bottom plate for pressing. It can be divided into two types: cheap common etching plate and expensive laser engraving plate.
4 Beer: Guangdong is pronounced as "turtle", which means die cutting.
5 Jin Cong: It is to put a layer of glue on the paper first, and then sprinkle gold powder on the glue.
6 YO: it's just a spring-like object, mostly made of plastic, which is generally used on the spine of calendars and notebooks and for turning pages.
7 gluing: press a transparent plastic film on the printed paper, including crystal film, optical film and matt film, which are called differently in many places and are not environmentally friendly.
8 pinholes: also known as needle thread and dental floss, are to press a semi-connected line for paper, which usually appears at the opening of the package.
9 punching: it means to make a hole for a piece of paper or n pieces of paper according to the requirements, and there is a special punching machine.
1 flocking: it means brushing a layer of glue on the paper, and then sticking a layer of fluff-like substance to make the paper look and feel a little flannelette.
question 5: what are the printing processes? I hope you can introduce them separately. These are all post-press processes. So many questions, only 5 points, is that too little?
1 bronzing: the scientific name is hot-pressing transfer printing, or hot transfer printing for short, commonly known as bronzing and silver stamping. There is also a cold pad printing.
2 UV: ultraviolet ray, which is short for UV, and "UV transparent oil" is the full name, that is, the ink can be dried and cured by ultraviolet irradiation. UV is usually a screen printing process, and now there are offset UV.
3. Punching and embossing: the scientific name is embossing, which makes the printed object change locally by pressure to form a pattern. It is a process in which the metal plate is corroded and becomes a pressing plate and a bottom plate for pressing. It can be divided into two types: cheap common etching plate and expensive laser engraving plate.
4 Beer: Guangdong is pronounced as "turtle", which means die cutting.
5 Jin Cong: It is to put a layer of glue on the paper first, and then sprinkle gold powder on the glue.
6 YO: It's a spring-like object, mostly made of plastic, which is generally used on the spine of calendars and notebooks, and for turning pages.
7 gluing: press a transparent plastic film on the printed paper, including crystal film, optical film and matt film, which are called differently in many places and are not environmentally friendly.
8 pinholes: also known as needle thread and dental floss, are to press a semi-connected line for paper, which usually appears at the opening of the package.
9 punching: it means to make a hole for a piece of paper or n pieces of paper according to the requirements, and there is a special punching machine.
1 flocking: it means brushing a layer of glue on the paper, and then sticking a layer of fluff-like substance to make the paper look and feel a little flannelette.
Question 6: What are the main 3D printing processes? There are many different types of 3D printing according to different materials and molding methods:
LOM. This is in the form of laminating paper coated with hot-melt adhesive and laser cutting contour to form;
SLA。 The liquid photosensitive resin can be quickly solidified into a solid under ultraviolet irradiation for molding;
SLS。 Laser selective sintering molding (raw materials can be plastic powder, ceramic powder, metal powder, etc.);
FDM, which uses plastic wires to print and shape layer by layer after melting;
3DP。 The raw material is powder and resin, which can print color.
there may be others under development. . . . .
question 7: what are the special printing processes? A little more detailed What are the printing processes?
laminating
binding
bronzing (silver)
die cutting
indentation
embossing
punching
numbering
glazing
embossing
spot color printing
other processes
problem 8. Generally, it can be divided into four categories: relief printing, intaglio printing, lithographic printing and stencil printing. The graphic part of the printing plate used in letterpress printing is raised, including block printing, movable type printing, lead printing, copper-zinc printing, photosensitive resin printing and flexographic printing. Flexographic printing has developed greatly since 198s, and its printing machine structure and printing substrate are different from those of general relief printing, so some countries regard flexographic printing as an independent printing category. The graphic part of gravure printing plate is concave, which is divided into three types: engraving gravure, photographic gravure and electronic engraving gravure. The graphic and non-graphic parts of lithographic printing plates are basically in the same plane, which usually refers to offset printing, but in fact, lithograph (which has been basically eliminated) and Kelashan (which is preserved as a unique process) also belong to the category of lithography. Stencil printing is mainly screen printing, that is, a printing plate made of silk screen, in which the graphic part can pass through the ink, but not the graphic part can pass through the ink. Copied mimeograph is also a stencil printing.
according to the printing procedure, the above four printing methods are different from direct printing and indirect printing. The offset printing in which the layout ink is first transferred to the blanket cylinder, and then the image and text are transferred to the paper by the blanket cylinder is indirect printing, and all other printing methods (including lithograph in lithography) are direct printing. The pictures and texts of the direct printing plate are reverse images, and the pictures and texts of the indirect printing plate are positive images.
Although the plates and printing processes of the above-mentioned printing methods are different, when printing, the paper (or other substrates) comes into contact with the printing plate and exerts certain pressure, which belongs to contact impression printing. With the development of computer technology and equipment, laser printing and ink-jet printing have appeared. These new methods are called non-contact or pressureless printing because they have no impression during printing.
question 9: what are the materials of printing paper? 1. letterpress paper
letterpress paper is the main paper for letterpress printing books and magazines. Relief paper can be divided into four grades: No.1, No.2, No.3 and No.4 according to the composition ratio of paper materials. The number of paper represents the degree of paper bite, and the greater the number, the worse the paper quality. Relief printing paper is mainly used for relief printing machines. The characteristics of this kind of paper are similar to those of newsprint, but they are not exactly the same. Because the ratio of pulp and pulp are better than newsprint, the fiber structure of letterpress paper is relatively uniform, and the gaps between fibers are filled with a certain amount of fillers and sizing agents, and also bleached, which forms the adaptability of this paper to printing. Slightly different from newsprint, its ink absorption is not as good as newsprint, but it has the characteristics of uniform ink absorption; Water resistance and whiteness of paper are better than newsprint. Letterpress paper has the characteristics of uniform texture, lint-free, slightly elastic, opaque, slightly water-resistant and certain mechanical strength.
weight: 49 ~ 6) 2g/m2.
specifications of flat paper: 787×l92, 85×ll68, 88xl23; And some paper with special size specifications.
specifications of the web: width 787mm, width 192mm, width 15.