zero-sum game, also known as zero-sum game, is a concept of game theory as opposed to non-zero-sum game and belongs to non-cooperative game.

Zero-sum game refers to all parties involved in the game. Under strict competition, the gains of one party will inevitably mean the losses of the other party. The sum of the gains and losses of all parties in the game will always be "zero", and there is no possibility of cooperation between the two parties.

The result of zero-sum game is that one side eats the other side, and what one side gains is what the other side loses, so the interests of the whole society will not increase by one point. It can also be said that their own happiness is based on the suffering of others, and the two are completely equal in size, so both sides try their best to achieve "harming others and benefiting themselves."

zero-sum game, also known as gametheory or zero-sum game, originated from game theory. It means that in a game, players lose and win, and one side wins exactly what the other side loses, and the total score of the game is always zero. As early as more than 2 years ago, this zero-sum game was widely used in competition and confrontation where there are winners and losers.

"Zero-sum game rules" are getting more and more attention, because there are many situations similar to "zero-sum game" in human society. Corresponding to "zero sum", the basic theory of "win-win" is that "self-interest" does not "harm others", and a happy result can be achieved through negotiation and cooperation.

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Main principle-

Zero-sum game originated from game theory. The modern game theory was founded by the Hungarian mathematician von Neumann in the 192s. In 1944, his masterpiece Game Theory and Economic Behavior, published in cooperation with economist oskar morgenstern, marked the initial formation of modern system game theory.

the principle of zero-sum game is as follows: when two people play chess, one will always win and the other will lose. If we calculate winning as 1 point and losing as -1 point. Then if a wins n times, b must also lose n times.

if the number of times a fails is m, then the number of times b wins must be m. In this way, the total score of A is (N-M), and the total score of B is (M-N). Obviously, (N-M)+(M-N)=, which is the mathematical expression of zero-sum game.